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Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 177
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 137
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Severity: 8192
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Filename: models/Detail_model.php
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Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/models/Detail_model.php
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Severity: 8192
Message: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 8919
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "choices"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Message: Undefined array key "usage"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
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Line Number: 260
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Strategies of Pathogens to Escape from NO-Based Host Defense. | LitMetric
Nitric oxide (NO) is an essential signaling molecule present in most living organisms including bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. NO participates in a wide range of biological processes including vasomotor tone, neurotransmission, and immune response. However, NO is highly reactive and can give rise to reactive nitrogen and oxygen species that, in turn, can modify a broad range of biomolecules. Much evidence supports the critical role of NO in the virulence and replication of viruses, bacteria, protozoan, metazoan, and fungi, thus representing a general mechanism of host defense. However, pathogens have developed different mechanisms to elude the host NO and to protect themselves against oxidative and nitrosative stress. Here, the strategies evolved by viruses, bacteria, protozoan, metazoan, and fungi to escape from the NO-based host defense are overviewed.
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