Urine proteomic signatures predicting the progression from premalignancy to malignant gastric cancer.

EBioMedicine

Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China. Electronic address:

Published: December 2022

AI Article Synopsis

  • Researchers are trying to find ways to detect stomach cancer early by studying proteins in urine.
  • They examined 255 people, with different stages of stomach issues, mainly in high-risk areas in China.
  • They found four specific proteins that can help predict how stomach problems might progress, and this could help catch stomach cancer sooner without needing invasive tests.

Article Abstract

Background: Early detection of gastric cancer (GC) remains challenging. We aimed to examine urine proteomic signatures and identify protein biomarkers that predict the progression of gastric lesions and risk of GC.

Methods: A case-control study was initially designed, covering subjects with GC and gastric lesions of different stages. Subjects were aged 40-69 years, without prior diagnosis of renal or urological diseases. We enrolled a total of 255 subjects, with 123 in the discovery stage from Linqu, China, a high-risk area for GC and 132 in the validation stage from Linqu and Beijing. A prospective study was further designed for a subset of 60 subjects with gastric lesions, which were followed for 297-857 days.

Findings: We identified 43 differentially expressed urine proteins in subjects with GC vs. mild or advanced gastric lesions. Baseline urinary levels of ANXA11, CDC42, NAPA and SLC25A4 were further positively associated with risk of gastric lesion progression. Three of them, except for SLC25A4, also had higher expression in GC than non-GC tissues. Integrating these four proteins showed outstanding performance in predicting the progression of gastric lesions (AUC (95% CI): 0.92 (0.83-1.00)) and risk of GC (AUC (95% CI): 0.81 (0.73-0.89) and 0.84 (0.77-0.92) for GC vs. mild or advanced gastric lesions respectively).

Interpretation: This study revealed distinct urine proteomic profiles and a panel of proteins that may predict the progression of gastric lesions and risk of GC. These biomarkers in a non-invasive approach may have translational significance for defining high-risk populations of GC and its early detection.

Funding: Funders are listed in the Acknowledgement.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9649370PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104340DOI Listing

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