Labeling materials with special functional groups are very valuable for the creation of novel probes. Hence, a novel fluorescent probe was constructed by conjugating 4-butyl-3-thiosemicarbazide (BTSC) with carbon dots (CDs). The CDs labeled by BTSC (BTSC-CDs) displayed a strong capability for recognition of Cu and Cu could quench the emission of BTSC-CDs significantly. The fluorescence quenching was proved to be a static quenching which was resulted from the interaction between BTSC-CDs and Cu to form a ground-state BTSC-CDs/Cucomplex, and the fluorescence intensities showed a good linear correlation with Cu concentrations in the range of 0.20-30 μM. What is more important, by adding glyphosate into the sensor system of BTSC-CDs/Cu the fluorescence of the probe turned on again owing to the stronger chelating between glyphosate and Cu than between BTSC-CDs and Cu. This could realize the specific detection of glyphosate and the limit of detection was low to 0.27 μM. Detecting glyphosate using the complex BTSC-CDs/Cu system in actual samples with satisfactory outcomes indicated that a novel fluorescent probe for Cu and subsequent glyphosate detections has been provided.
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