A bacterial strain was isolated from the waste slurry of an industrial effluent treatment plant near Patancheru, Hyderabad, India, and designated as PI-S10-B5A. It was an obligately anaerobic, spore-forming, rod-shaped, motile bacterium that stained Gram-positive. The strain revealed high 16S rRNA gene sequence identity with Hungatella xylanolytica DSM 3808 (99.4%) followed by members of the genus Lacrimispora (98.8-93.3%). However, the average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization of genome sequence exhibited similarity in the range of 94.3-68.7% and 57.4-18.8%, respectively, with all closely related strains. A multi-gene phylogenetic analysis of strain PI-S10-B5A was performed to investigate the taxonomic affiliation, which revealed formation of a coherent cluster with the members of the genus Lacrimispora. The DNA G + C content was 41.8 mol%. Major polar lipids were glyco- and phospholipids. The fatty acids analysis showed C to be the major fatty acid. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone-7 (MK-7). Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and whole-genome phylogenetic analysis, strain PI-S10-B5A is assigned as a novel species of the genus Lacrimispora, for which the name Lacrimispora defluvii is proposed. The type strain of the novel species is PI-S10-B5A (= MTCC 12280; = DSM 24980) isolated from waste slurry of effluent treatment plant. The genomic analysis of type strains of C. indicum PI-S10-A1B and H. xylanolytica DSM 3808 showed ANI and AAI values consistent with members of the genus Lacrimispora. Therefore, these strains are ascertained to the genus Lacrimispora and reclassified as Lacrimispora indica and Lacrimispora xylanolytica comb. nov.
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