We develop a mesoscopic model to study the plastic behavior of an amorphous material under cyclic loading. The model is depinning-like and driven by a disordered thresholds dynamics that is coupled by long-range elastic interactions. We propose a simple protocol of "glass preparation" that allows us to mimic thermalization at high temperatures as well as aging at vanishing temperature. Various levels of glass stabilities (from brittle to ductile) can be achieved by tuning the aging duration. The aged glasses are then immersed into a quenched disorder landscape and serve as initial configurations for various protocols of mechanical loading by shearing. The dependence of the plastic behavior upon monotonous loading is recovered. The behavior under cyclic loading is studied for different ages and system sizes. The size and age dependence of the irreversibility transition is discussed. A thorough characterization of the disorder-landscape is achieved through the analysis of the transition graphs, which describe the plastic deformation pathways under athermal quasi-static shear. In particular, the analysis of the stability ranges of the strongly connected components of the transition graphs reveals the emergence of a phase-separation like process associated with the aging of the glass. Increasing the age and, hence, the stability of the initial glass results in a gradual break-up of the landscape of dynamically accessible stable states into three distinct regions: one region centered around the initially prepared glass phase and two additional regions characterized by well-separated ranges of positive and negative plastic strains, each of which is accessible only from the initial glass phase by passing through the stress peak in the forward and backward, respectively, shearing directions.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0102669 | DOI Listing |
Funct Integr Genomics
January 2025
National Agri-Food and Biomanufacturing Institute, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Punjab, India.
Mitochondria, the cellular powerhouses, are pivotal to neuronal function and health, particularly through their role in regulating synaptic structure and function. Spine reprogramming, which underlies synapse development, depends heavily on mitochondrial dynamics-such as biogenesis, fission, fusion, and mitophagy as well as functions including ATP production, calcium (Ca) regulation, and retrograde signaling. Mitochondria supply the energy necessary for assisting synapse development and plasticity, while also regulating intracellular Ca homeostasis to prevent excitotoxicity and support synaptic neurotransmission.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, al. Adama Mickiewicza 33, 31- 120, Kraków, Poland.
Identifying macroplastic deposition hotspots in rivers is essential for planning cleanup efforts and assessing the risks to aquatic life and the aesthetic value of river landscapes. Recent fieldwork in mountain rivers has shown that wood jams retain significantly more macroplastic than other emergent surfaces within river channels. Here, we experimentally verify these findings by tracking the deposition of 64 PET bottles after 52-65 days of transport in the mid-mountain Skawa River (Polish Carpathians) under low to medium flow conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
Co-pyrolysis is an efficient approach for municipal sewage sludge (SS) treatment, facilitating the production of biochar and promoting the stabilization and removal of heavy metals, particularly when combined with chlorinated materials. This study explores the impact of pyrolysis temperatures (400 °C and 600 °C) and chlorinated additives (polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as an organic chloride source and ferric chloride (FeCl) as an inorganic chloride source) at 10% and 20% concentrations, on the yield, chemical speciation, leachability, and ecological risks of arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn) in biochar derived from SS. The results revealed that increasing the pyrolysis temperature from 400 to 600 °C significantly reduced biochar yield due to enhanced volatilization of organic components, as well as the removal of heavy metals in interaction with chlorinated materials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
With the global population surpassing 8 billion, waste production has skyrocketed, leading to increased pollution that adversely affects both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Public littering, a significant contributor to this pollution, poses severe threats to marine life due to plastic debris, which can inflict substantial ecological harm. Additionally, this pollution jeopardizes human health through contaminated food and water sources.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Pollut Bull
January 2025
Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
Anthropogenic noise pollution has been accelerating at an alarming rate, greatly altering aquatic soundscapes. Animals use various mechanisms to avoid acoustic masking in noisy environments, including altering calling rates or the frequency (pitch) of their vocalizations or increasing the amplitude (loudness) of their vocalizations (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!