Plant leaves display tremendous variation in shape. Here, we discuss how information obtained from genetics, live imaging and computational modeling has helped conceptualize the ways in which gene activity is translated into different leaf shapes. In this framework, the action of genes on leaf form can be captured as the sum of their effects on the amount, duration, and direction of cellular growth, which together produce leaf geometry. We use three different examples to illustrate this point. First, the emergence of complex versus simple leaves in eudicots, which arises from differences in organ-wide growth duration as well as local growth repression at the leaf margin. Second, the development of strap-shaped grass leaves with a broad sheathing base versus the typical eudicot leaves with a narrow petiole, where these features of grass leaves emerged through lateral expansion of the zone of leaf progenitor cells, coupled with later remodeling of growth of early domains of the leaf blade. Third, the formation of insect traps on carnivorous plants that arose through constrained directional growth that produced a 3D deformation. In all the above examples, changes in gene expression of different classes of homeobox genes have contributed to the altered growth patterns underlying these different aspects of leaf shape diversity.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2022.09.021 | DOI Listing |
Inflammopharmacology
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan.
Juice and decoction of leaves of Suaeda fruticosa, a halophytic medicinal plant of Cholistan desert, is traditionally used to treat rheumatism. The current study was carried out to probe into in vivo anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and anti-arthritic potential of ethanolic extract of the whole plant of S. fruticosa (Et-SF) and its bioactive molecules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Agric Food Chem
December 2024
College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China.
Drought limits crop growth and yield. Inoculation with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) emerges as a promising strategy to protect crops against drought. However, the number of drought-tolerant PGPR is limited, and the regulation mechanisms remain elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Signal Behav
December 2025
State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Abscisic acid (ABA) mediated stomatal closure is a highly effective mode of active stomatal regulation under drought stress. Previous studies on stomatal regulation have primarily focused on the leaves of vascular plants, while research on the stomatal behavior of bulbous plants remains unknown. In addition, ABA-induced stomatal regulation in bulbs has yet to be explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Prod Res
December 2024
Department of Nuclear Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
(), known for its aromatic leaves and rhizomes, is extensively used in traditional medicine to treat digestive issues, inflammation, pain, anxiety, and stress. The petroleum ether extract of isolates specific bioactive compounds using petroleum ether, a nonpolar solvent effective in dissolving nonpolar plant compounds. This extract potentially offers antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic benefits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF<i>Ormocarpum trichocarpum</i> (Taub.) Engl. is a shrub or small tree harvested from the wild as a source of food, traditional medicines and wood.
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