Laparoscopic triple-ureteral ureteroureterostomy in a patient with ureteral triplication: A case report.

Rationale: Ureteral triplication (UT) is a very rare disorder, with a challenging diagnosis and varied therapeutic methods. In the past, the treatment usually involved heminephrureterectomy of the stunted moiety. Here, we reported a case of complete UT that was treated by laparoscopic triple-ureteral ureteroureterostomy (UU).

Patient Concerns: A 2-year-old girl presented with frequent urine incontinence. Intravenous pyelography and voiding cystourethrography revealed a 3-segment left kidney with pelvi-ureteric dilation of the upper and middle moieties and grade IV to V vesicoureteral reflux. Laparoscopic triple-UU was successfully performed in the child, after which vesicoureteral reflux and urinary incontinence disappeared completely, hydronephrosis was improved, and hemirenal resection was avoided.

Diagnosis: Based on the imageological examination results, the final diagnosis of the 2-year-old girl was as follows: left 3 renal pelvis with complete ureteral duplication, combined with upper and middle hydronephrosis, and upper and middle vesicoureteral reflux grade IV to V.

Intervention: Laparoscopic triple-ureteral ureteroureterostomy was performed under general anesthesia.

Outcomes: The patient recovered smoothly without complications after surgery. At 6 months follow-up, ultrasonography of the urinary system showed that hydronephrosis of the dilated kidney segment was attenuated.

Lessons: Laparoscopic triple-ureteral UU was successful in our patient. For children with duplex kidney and multiple ureteral duplications, minimally invasive urinary tract reconstruction can be a suitable intervention.