Energy solvency. A new concept to prevent energy poverty in Spain.

The new concept of energy solvency is defined as the ability of a person buying or renting a dwelling to meet the energy costs necessary to keep the dwelling comfortable, without falling into energy poverty. The energy efficiency certificate information is used to calculate the economic expenditure that is theoretically necessary to maintain the property comfortable. This is a more robust value for calculating the energy poverty indicator 2 M than the available data on real expenditure. Dwellings' maximum surface may be determined in order to guarantee the energy solvency, depending on the climate zone, the energy class, the energy sources used, and the household's net income. The results indicate that in 15% of situations, it is not possible to have a dwelling that exceeds the minimum surface area stipulated by law without incurring an energy risk situation. It is also observed that in 86% of the cases, energy solvency is achieved for dwellings with energy classes A, B, C, and D, up to 120 m. It is concluded that, by knowing the energy solvency before renting or buying a home, it is possible to prevent energy poverty by avoiding those operations in which it is known that this will happen.