peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis in a child: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are an uncommon but serious cause of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related infections. NTM peritonitis typically necessitates PD catheter removal, PD withdrawal, and aggressive, prolonged antimicrobial treatment. Few reported cases of NTM peritonitis in the pediatric population exist.

Methods: We describe a case of a 9-year-old boy on PD after kidney allograft failure who developed peritonitis, and we summarize the available literature on peritonitis in pediatric patients receiving PD.

Results And Conclusion: Therapeutic options were limited by adverse medication effects and risk of drug-drug interactions in a patient with complex mental health comorbidities. Clofazimine presented an acceptable oral treatment option for long-term therapy in combination with ciprofloxacin and was well tolerated by this patient. Prompt PD catheter removal followed by 6 months of dual antimicrobial therapy resulted in a full recovery and successful re-transplantation with no infection relapse.