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Adverse childhood experiences and post-traumatic stress impacts on brain connectivity and alcohol use in adolescence.
Child Neuropsychol
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA.
The current study investigated the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, within-network resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC), and alcohol use during adolescence using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence study (NCANDA; = 687). Significant rs-FC differences emerged that linked participant ACEs, PTSD symptoms, and alcohol use problems. Participants with ACEs compared to those without had diminished rs-FC within the default mode, salience, and medial frontoparietal networks ( ≤ 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResting State Functional Connectivity of the Default Mode Network During Opioid Use and Cessation in Treatment-Seeking Persons.
Eur J Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Resting-state functional connectivity analyses have been used to examine synchrony in neural networks in substance use disorders (SUDs), with the default mode network (DMN) one of the most studied. Prior research has generally found less DMN synchrony during use and greater synchrony during cessation, although little research has utilized this method with opioid use. This study examined resting brain activity in treatment-seeking persons who use opioids at two points-when using opioids and when opioid-free-to determine whether the DMN exhibits different levels of connectivity during opioid use and cessation and whether differences in connectivity predict subsequent relapse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffective connectivity of default mode network subsystems and automatic smoking behaviour among males.
J Psychiatry Neurosci
December 2024
From the Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
Background: The default mode network (DMN) is not a single system, but rather is composed of smaller and distinct functional subsystems that interact with each other. The functional relevance of these subsystems in tobacco use disorder (TUD) and the neurobiological features associated with smoking motivation are still unclear; thus, we sought to assess causal or direct connectivity alterations within 3 subsystems of the DMN among people with TUD.
Methods: We recruited male smokers and nonsmokers.
Functional connectivity changes in males with nicotine addiction: A triple network model study.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
November 2024
Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Molecular Imaging of Henan Province, Henan Province, China. Electronic address:
Background: Nicotine addiction (NA) is recognized as a significant neurobehavioral disorder that affects both individuals and society. It is suggested that alterations in functional network connectivity (FNC) within specific brain networks underlie its neurobiological basis.
Methods: The default mode network (DMN), executive control network (ECN), and salience network (SN) are identified using data from the Human Connectome Project.
Antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation after percutaneous coronary intervention.
Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther
September 2024
Cardiovascular Research Unit, Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Introduction: Patients who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stenting usually require a period of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) but, when an indication for long-term oral anticoagulation (OAC) such as atrial fibrillation (AF) coexists, triple antithrombotic therapy (TAT) with DAPT and OAC causes concern for excessive bleeding. Achieving the right balance between bleeding and adequate protection from ischemic events remains an issue of debate and subject to ongoing investigation of various antithrombotic regimens and durations.
Areas Covered: This review describes the landmark clinical trials comparing TAT to a period of dual antithrombotic therapy (DAT) and subsequent meta-analyses.
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