AI Article Synopsis
- A rare case of a 5-year-old boy from a Bantu background is reported, presenting with oral-visceral Kaposi sarcoma after treatment for high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia, marking possibly just the second documented case of this phenomenon.
- The boy developed a non-painful oral mass one month post-treatment, which was successfully treated with a regimen of bleomycin and vincristine, demonstrating a positive clinical response.
- The report emphasizes the need for heightened awareness among clinicians regarding the potential for second malignancies like Kaposi sarcoma in children who have undergone leukemia treatment, recommending routine evaluations during long-term follow-ups.
Article Abstract
Background: There have hardly been any reported cases of children presenting with Kaposi sarcoma as a second malignancy following treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia outside a transplant setting.
Case Presentation: We report a case of a 5-year-old boy of Bantu origin, which, to our knowledge, could be only the second reported case of oral-visceral Kaposi sarcoma after acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment. The patient presented with a 1-month history of progressive, non-painful, soft tissue oral mass, 1 month after completing treatment for high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia. He was successfully treated for Kaposi sarcoma on a two-drug regimen (bleomycin and vincristine) with good clinical response.
Conclusion: Visceral Kaposi sarcoma as a second malignancy may occur after pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment, but its rarity makes it unlikely to raise suspicion among clinicians, thus precluding early diagnosis and treatment. We recommend routine evaluation for Kaposi sarcoma lesions in children undergoing long-term surveillance following treatment for childhood acute leukemia.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9635084 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-022-03620-3 | DOI Listing |
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