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Nocturnal visual hallucinations in patients with disorders of arousal: a novel behavioral and EEG pattern. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

Aim: To investigate clinical and video-polysomnography (VPSG) findings of hallucinatory experiences in patients suffering from disorders of arousal (DOA) in the absence of other pathologies.

Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of 370 adults with DOA. Thirty (8.1%) patients concomitantly reported complex nocturnal visual hallucinations. VPSG recordings were scrutinized, and motor behavioral and electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns were classified according to previous descriptions of DOA.

Results: Thirty DOA patients reported seeing images of objects, people, and animals; either distorted, static, or mobile. The images disappeared with increased illumination in 80% of patients, and 23.3% reported preceding dream imagery. In addition to the classical DOA patterns on VPSG, a distinct pattern of behavioral and EEG manifestation associated with complex hallucinatory episodes was identified in 16 (53.3%) DOA patients. This consisted of low-voltage mixed-frequency EEG activity before eye opening that persisted while patients were observed staring or visually tracking before the onset of motor behavior.

Conclusion: A novel, distinct behavioral and EEG pattern in patients with DOA and history of reported complex nocturnal visual hallucinations was identified. This may represent a unique phenotype of dissociation between sleep states that merits further investigation.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9648088PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3325/cmj.2022.63.438DOI Listing

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