Background: The linkage between IDO2 expression and cancer progression is still unclear, particularly in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Our purpose is to unveil the potential correlations between IDO2 status, clinical-pathological parameters, patients' prognosis, and the possible immunomodulatory functions in MTC.
Methods: Immunohistochemical expression levels of IDO2 were evaluated in the resected MTC surgical specimens and corresponding lymph nodes. CD4 + T cell infiltration was also evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis in the MTC tissues. The association of the IDO2 expression level with clinicopathologic characteristics, overall survival (OS)/recurrence-free survival (RFS), and CD4 + T cell infiltration were retrospectively investigated.
Results: High expression of IDO2 is closely associated with more aggressive clinicopathological features, such as multifocality, ETE, a higher pT stage and especially a higher pN stage. Moreover, a significant difference in RFS was observed between the IDO2-high and IDO2-low groups. IDO2 expression of lymph node tissues was significantly related to the metastasis status. Furthermore, we found that IDO2 expression is negatively correlated with CD4 + T cell infiltrations in MTC tissues.
Conclusion: The expression level of IDO2 is associated with aggressive characteristics and is predictive of poor prognosis in patients with MTC. Also, an interesting observation is that IDO2 involvement in MTC showed a moderate sexual dimorphism, of which female patients tend to be more affected by IDO2 status. Moreover, our results showed the potential immunomodulatory functions of IDO2. The close relationship between IDO2 and CD4 + T cell infiltration in the MTC microenvironment, together with its potential prognostic implications, makes it possible for IDO2 to serve as an alternative drug target in cancer immunotherapy and as a new prognostic tool.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9624013 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-022-10173-7 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Alzheimer's disease-specific transcriptomic and epigenomic changes in the tryptophan catabolic pathway.
Alzheimers Res Ther
November 2024
Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute (MHeNs) and European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6211 LK, the Netherlands.
Background: Neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), have been linked to alterations in tryptophan (TRP) metabolism. However, no studies to date have systematically explored changes in the TRP pathway at both transcriptional and epigenetic levels. This study aimed to investigate transcriptomic, DNA methylomic (5mC) and hydroxymethylomic (5hmC) changes within genes involved in the TRP and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) pathways in AD, using three independent cohorts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Two Sides of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 2 (IDO2).
Cells
November 2024
Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy.
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 () and originated from gene duplication before vertebrate divergence. While IDO1 has a well-defined role in immune regulation, the biological role of IDO2 remains unclear. Discovered in 2007, is located near the gene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGene expression of kynurenine pathway enzymes in depression and following electroconvulsive therapy.
Acta Neuropsychiatr
October 2024
Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
Article Synopsis
- This study explored how the expression of kynurenine pathway (KP) enzymes in the blood is affected in patients with depression compared to healthy controls and post-electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
- Results showed that certain KP enzymes were lower in patients with depression, but these findings weren’t statistically significant after accounting for other factors; ECT didn't change KP enzyme expression.
- The study suggests that further research is needed to see if KP measures can effectively help in diagnosing depression and predicting responses to antidepressant treatments.
Neuroactive Kynurenines as Pharmacological Targets: New Experimental Tools and Exciting Therapeutic Opportunities.
Pharmacol Rev
October 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina (A.P.); Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (R.S.); and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (S.E.)
Both preclinical and clinical studies implicate functional impairments of several neuroactive metabolites of the kynurenine pathway (KP), the major degradative cascade of the essential amino acid tryptophan in mammals, in the pathophysiology of neurologic and psychiatric diseases. A number of KP enzymes, such as tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenases (IDO1 and IDO2), kynurenine aminotransferases (KATs), kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO), 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid oxygenase (3-HAO), and quinolinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRT), control brain KP metabolism in health and disease and are therefore increasingly considered to be promising targets for the treatment of disorders of the nervous system. Understanding the distribution, cellular expression, and regulation of KP enzymes and KP metabolites in the brain is therefore critical for the conceptualization and implementation of successful therapeutic strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!