A new quinolone and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from a sponge-associated fungus sp. SCSIO41033.

The chemical investigation of the EtOAc extract from the solid rice medium cultured with a sponge-associated fungus sp. SCSIO41033 led to the isolation of two quinolones including a new one, penicinolone (), three xanthone derivatives (), and four anthraquinones (). Their structures were determined by comprehensive analysis of H and C NMR, COSY, HSQC, and HMBC spectroscopic, and HRESIMS mass spectrometric data. The bioactive assays revealed that compounds and showed no antimicrobial activities against five bacteria and eight fungi, and compounds , and exhibited inhibition against AChE with IC values of 45.9, 42.5 and 40.5 μg/mL. Molecular docking analysis was performed to explore the interactions between active molecules and AChE protein, which indicated that xanthone and anthraquinone derivatives had the potential for developing AChE inhibitors.