Objective: To evaluate the effect of a multidose acyclovir protocol on koi herpesvirus (KHV) viral load and mortality in a cohabitation challenge.
Animals: 180 koi fish.
Procedures: Forty fish (shedders) were immersed in a 0.5 KHV plaque-forming units/mL static bath for 8 hours. Mock shedders were treated similarly but exposed to cell culture media. KHV shedders were then transferred into 8 tanks (5 shedders per tank) containing 10 naïve fish (cohabitants) each. Fish in the acyclovir group (AT) received a 10 mg/kg acyclovir intracoelomic injection 1, 3, and 6 days after the first confirmed KHV mortality. Positive controls (PC) were treated similarly but received sterile saline injections. Negative controls (NC) were exposed to mock shedders. Morbidity and mortality were evaluated daily for 50 days post-challenge. Quantitative PCR was used to determine viral load in the gill biopsies of shedders and cohabitants collected at days 19 (T1), 22 (T2), 25 (T3), 34 (T4), and 50 (T5) post-challenge.
Results: Survival curves analyzed by the Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon method revealed a delayed onset of mortalities and a significantly lower KHV load at T2 and T3 detected in AT cohabitant fish (P = .042) compared to PC group. However, there were no significant differences in overall mortality or viral loads at T5.
Clinical Relevance: The acyclovir protocol used in this study did not control viral infection or mortality at the end of the 50-day trial. Shorter intervals between injections could improve outcomes, but the additional stress inflicted by handling should be considered. Exploring other therapeutic alternatives and doses is warranted.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.22.02.0030 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Evaluating the effectiveness of topical olive leaf extract emulgel in managing recurrent herpes labialis: a randomized controlled clinical study.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Medicine Department, Damascus University, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.
Recurrent herpes labialis (RHL) is a lifelong oral health issue that affects about one-third of the world's population, causing frequent, painful, and discomfort lesions. This randomized, triple-blinded study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of olive leaf extract (OLE) compared to acyclovir cream (Veramid 5%) in managing vesicular stage of RHL lesions. Forty patients were randomly divided into two equal groups and were instructed to apply the prescribed medication five times a day for five consecutive days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSecondary anti-viral prophylaxis in solid organ transplant recipients for the prevention of cytomegalovirus relapse: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Transpl Infect Dis
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational Medicine and the William J. von Liebig Center for Transplantation and Clinical Regeneration, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) significantly impacts solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs), with secondary prophylaxis (SP) potentially beneficial in high-risk cases despite not being widely recommended.
- A review of studies up to September 2023 found that while SP with valganciclovir did not notably reduce CMV relapse, it was linked to decreased mortality rates among recipients.
- The overall evidence from six nonrandomized studies is insufficient to make definitive recommendations on SP, highlighting the importance of personalized risk assessments by clinicians.
Cytomegalovirus reactivation is frequent in multiple myeloma patients treated with daratumumab-based regimens.
Cancer Med
July 2024
Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", Salerno, Italy.
Background: Viral reactivations are frequent in hematologial patients due to their cancer-related and drug-induced immunosuppressive status. Daratumumab, an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, is used for multiple myeloma (MM) treatment, and causes immunosuppression by targeting CD38-expressing normal lymphocytes. In this single-center two-arm real-life experience, we evaluated incidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation in MM patients treated with daratumumab-based regimens as first- or second-line therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhytochemical profiling of leaf extract UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS with assessment of its antiviral mechanisms.
RSC Adv
July 2024
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Tanta University El-Guish Street (Medical Campus) 31527 Tanta Egypt
Among 36 species of the genus (family Palmae or Arecaceae), is considered the only species native to Africa. Previous studies showed the richness of fruits in phenolic compounds. The goal of the current study was to investigate the phytochemical composition and assess the antiviral mechanisms of the leaves' ethanolic extract cultivated in Egypt for the first time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecommendations for the selection of nucleoside analogues as antihuman herpesvirus drugs: a real-world analysis of reported cases from the FDA adverse event reporting system.
Expert Opin Drug Saf
July 2024
Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.
Objective: The aim of this study is to provide guidance for refining medication protocols, developing alternative strategies, and enhancing protection against herpesvirus infections in personalized clinical settings.
Methods: Adverse drug events (ADEs) data for anti-herpesvirus from the first quarter of 2004 to the fourth quarter of 2022 were collected from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Disproportionality analysis was performed using Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), and Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN) methods for data mining.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!