Real-world evidence of subcutaneous treprostinil use in pulmonary arterial hypertension in Argentina.

Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a progressive haemodynamic disease with high morbidity and mortality. Of the different treatments available, the prostacyclin analogues are the drugs of choice for high-risk patients, with treprostinil being the most commonly used drug in Argentina.

Methodology: The objective of this study is to perform a retrospective evaluation of the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous treprostinil in regular clinical practice in Argentina in 51 patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension after 12 months of follow-up.

Results: The results showed that treatment with subcutaneous treprostinil is associated with a significant improvement in different clinical efficacy parameters: 65% reduction in advanced functional class ( < 0.0001), 130-m increase in the 6-min walk test ( < 0.0001), 65% reduction in the pro B-type natriuretic peptide value (-531 pg/dL;  < 0.0001), significant reduction of 15.7% in pulmonary vascular resistance [-1.3 wood units (WU);  < 0.0001], improved cardiac index with an increase of 16.7% (+0.4 L/min/m;  = 0.002), as well as a high survival rate (92%) and a 44% incidence of combined events (mortality, heart failure, syncope and/or lung transplantation), without a significant increase in previously reported adverse events. The risk stratification evaluation according to ESC/ERS guidelines showed a significant decrease in the proportion of patients at high risk after the treatment period ( = 0.004).

Conclusions: These real-world results corroborate the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous treprostinil, even at high doses, and open up the possibility of improving its current use in clinical practice as a first-line therapy, especially in high-risk patient profiles.