Nuclear movement in multinucleated cells.

Nuclear movement is crucial for the development of many cell types and organisms. Nuclear movement is highly conserved, indicating its necessity for cellular function and development. In addition to mononucleated cells, there are several examples of cells in which multiple nuclei exist within a shared cytoplasm. These multinucleated cells and syncytia have important functions for development and homeostasis. Here, we review a subset of the developmental contexts in which the regulation of the movement and positioning of multiple nuclei are well understood, including pronuclear migration, the Drosophila syncytial blastoderm, the Caenorhabditis elegans hypodermis, skeletal muscle and filamentous fungi. We apply the principles learned from these models to other systems.