Regulation of cell reprogramming by auxin during somatic embryogenesis.

aBIOTECH

State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018 Shandong China.

Published: July 2020

AI Article Synopsis

  • Scientists want to understand how regular plant cells can turn into new plants, which is called totipotency.
  • An important way this happens is through a process called somatic embryogenesis, but we don't know a lot about how cells change during this.
  • Auxin, a special plant hormone, is key in this process, helping cells become embryonic, and some other factors like stress and certain genes also play a role.

Article Abstract

How somatic cells develop into a whole plant is a central question in plant developmental biology. This powerful ability of plant cells is recognized as their totipotency. Somatic embryogenesis is an excellent example and a good research system for studying plant cell totipotency. However, very little is known about the molecular basis of cell reprogramming from somatic cells to totipotent cells in this process. During somatic embryogenesis from immature zygotic embryos in , exogenous auxin treatment is required for embryonic callus formation, but removal of exogenous auxin inducing endogenous auxin biosynthesis is essential for somatic embryo (SE) induction. Ectopic expression of specific transcription factor genes, such as "" and (), can induce SEs without exogenous growth regulators. Somatic embryogenesis can also be triggered by stress, as well as by disruption of chromatin remodeling, including PRC2-mediated histone methylation, histone deacetylation, and PKL-related chromatin remodeling. It is evident that embryonic identity genes are required and endogenous auxin plays a central role for cell reprogramming during the induction of SEs. Thus, we focus on reviewing the regulation of cell reprogramming for somatic embryogenesis by auxin.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9590521PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42994-020-00029-8DOI Listing

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