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Background: The burden of Clostridioides difficile as a nosocomial- and community-acquired pathogen has been increasing over the recent decades, including reports of severe outbreaks. Molecular and virulence genotyping are central for the epidemiological surveillance of this pathogen, but need to balance accuracy and rapid turnaround time of the results. While Illumina short-read sequencing has been adopted as the gold standard to investigate C.

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Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Clostridioides difficile: a dual-site study of three different media and three therapeutic antimicrobials.

Clin Microbiol Infect

January 2025

European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Study Group on Clostridioides difficile (ESGCD); Experimental Bacteriology Research Group, Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LUCID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. Electronic address:

Objectives: Increasing resistance to antimicrobials used for the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infections necessitates reproducible antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Current guidelines take a one-size-fits-all approach and/or offer limited guidance. We investigated how the choice of medium affects measured MIC values across two sites.

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Reactions of SleC, Its Structure and Inhibition in Mitigation of Spore Germination in .

J Am Chem Soc

January 2025

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States.

Spore germination in is initiated by a cascade of activities of several proteins that culminates in the activation of SleC, a cell-wall-processing enzyme. We report herein the details of the enzymatic activities of SleC by the use of synthetic peptidoglycan fragments and of spore sacculi. The reactions include the formation of 1,6-anhydromuramate─a hallmark of lytic transglycosylase activity─as well as a muramate hydrolytic product, both of which proceed through the same transient oxocarbenium species.

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Genomic data on from the African continent are currently lacking, resulting in the region being under-represented in global analyses of infection (CDI) epidemiology. For the first time in Nigeria, we utilized whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic tools to compare isolates from diarrhoeic human patients (=142), livestock (=38), poultry manure (=5) and dogs (=9) in the same geographic area (Makurdi, north-central Nigeria) and relate them to the global population. In addition, selected isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility (=33) and characterized by PCR ribotyping (=53).

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Unlabelled: Mutations affecting flagellin (FliC) have been shown to be hypervirulent in animal models and display increased toxin production and alterations in central metabolism. The regulation of flagellin levels in bacteria is governed by a tripartite regulatory network involving , , and , which creates a feedback system to regulate flagella production. Through genomic analysis of clade 5 strains (non-motile), we identified they have jettisoned many of the genes required for flagellum biosynthesis yet retain the major flagellin gene and regulatory gene .

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