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Epstein-Barr Virus Detection in the Central Nervous System of HIV-Infected Patients. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Simply detecting Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is not enough to diagnose diseases related to EBV, especially in HIV-positive individuals without lymphoma.
  • - A systematic review and meta-analysis of 273 studies found that the estimated prevalence of EBV-DNA in the CSF of this population is 20%, with African studies showing a higher prevalence of 39%.
  • - Despite the detection of EBV-DNA often occurring in symptomatic patients, the role of EBV in central nervous system disorders for HIV-positive non-lymphoma patients remains unclear, highlighting the need for more research.

Article Abstract

Simply detecting Epstein-Barr virus deoxyribonucleic acid (EBV-DNA) is insufficient to diagnose EBV-associated diseases. The current literature around EBV-DNA detection from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive non-lymphoma patients was systematically reviewed and a meta-analysis reporting the estimated pooled prevalence in this population when PCR methods are employed, targeting different sequence segments within the EBV genome, was conducted. Using a combination of three key concepts-Epstein-Barr virus detection, central nervous system disease, and human cerebrospinal fluid-and their MeSH terms, the PubMed database was searched. A total of 273 papers reporting the detection of EBV in CNS were screened, of which 13 met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed a pooled prevalence of EBV-DNA in CSF of 20% (CI: 12-31%). The highest pooled prevalence was from studies conducted on the African population at 39% (CI: 27-51%). The investigation of the presence of EBV-DNA in the CSF was also very varied, with several gene targets used. While most patients from the articles included in this review and meta-analysis were symptomatic of CNS disorders, the pathogenicity of EBV in non-lymphoma HIV patients when detected in CSF has still not been determined. The presence of EBV-DNA in the CNS remains a concern, and further research is warranted to understand its significance in causing CNS disorders.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9607430PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11101080DOI Listing

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