Joining immiscible materials such as copper and stainless steel together is a significant concern due to distinct mechanical and metallurgical properties across the joint line, such as melting points, the coefficient of linear thermal expansion, and thermal conductivity. The joint properties of copper to stainless steel welds are in great demand for various mechanical components of the international thermonuclear experimental reactor, ultra-high vacuum system, plan wave linear-accelerator or linac structure, and heat exchanger. These dissimilar-metals joints offer excellent flexibility in design and production, leading to a robust structure for many cutting-edge applications. Hence, the present article reviews the copper to stainless steel joining mechanism under different solid-state processing conditions. The present understanding says that defect-free strong joints between the dissimilar metals are systematically possible. Apart from this understanding, the authors have identified and highlighted the gaps in the research exploration to date. Moreover, a sustainable methodology to achieve a desirable weld of copper to stainless steel depends on favorable processing conditions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15207234 | DOI Listing |
Forensic Sci Int
December 2024
Ballistics Section of the Spanish Scientific Police Headquarters (National Police), Julián González Segador s/n, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales (IUICP), Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
Firearm-related scenarios can be highly complex, involving multiple shooters, firearms, types of ammunition, victims, and various impact zones. Obtaining the maximum amount of information to connect each piece of the puzzle is crucial for resolving these cases. Currently, new tools are being developed in the forensic field that facilitate both fieldwork and laboratory analysis, enabling the estimation of trajectories, identification of shooters, and more.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
December 2024
TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, C/ Geldo. Edificio 700, E-48160, Derio - Bizkaia, Spain; University of the Basque Country, Plaza Torres Quevedo, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
ACS Omega
November 2024
Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan.
This study introduces a one-pot, submerged photosynthesis of crystallites (SPsC) method for fabricating monohydrate tungstic acid (WO·HO) nanoplates directly integrated onto a stainless steel mesh, offering a simplified production and enhanced device stability for optical functional applications. The fabricated devices demonstrate exceptional broadband light absorption across the ultraviolet (UV), visible (Vis), and near-infrared (NIR) ranges. Notably, 1% Cu doping significantly boosts the NIR absorption, yielding a high solar utilization efficiency of 81.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Sci Food
October 2024
Department of Microbiology and Infection Diseases, Toho University, 5-21-16 Omorinishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 1143-8540, Japan.
The transmission of bacteria through cooking surfaces, the handles of hot plates, and cookware that is not cleaned frequently can pose a problem. In this study, a copper ion-based mixed solution (CBMS) containing only inorganic ions with controlled acidity was assessed as a new antibacterial and antiviral agent. We analysed the structure of the precipitates, and various deposits measuring a few micrometres were observed on the substrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
September 2024
Oak Ridge National Lab, 2350 Cherahala Blvd., Knoxville, TN, 37932, USA.
Directed energy deposition (DED) is a form of additive manufacturing available across a variety of laser spot diameter values, often referred to as spot sizes. However, there is no method to easily transfer process parameters across discrete spot sizes, leading to DED process parameters that are equipment specific and not widely applicable. In this study, a strategy is proposed and investigated for five spot sizes that keep the areal energy density constant while varying power, feed rate, and powder flow during the deposition of 316L stainless steel.
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