AI Article Synopsis
- - The study aims to evaluate the presence of synaptic damage biomarkers in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to cognitively unimpaired (CU) people through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- - After reviewing 204 articles, 23 studies were included in the systematic review and 15 in the meta-analysis, revealing significant increases in the cerebrospinal fluid levels of Neurogranin, SNAP-25, and GAP-43 in AD patients compared to CU individuals.
- - The findings suggest that these synaptic biomarkers could help in diagnosing AD, but the current research is relatively limited and shows a lot of variation in results across studies.
Article Abstract
Background: Synaptic disruption precedes neuronal death and correlates with clinical features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The identification of fluid biomarkers of synaptic damage is emerging as a goal for early and accurate diagnosis of the disease.
Objective: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether fluid biomarkers of synaptic damage are impaired in AD.
Methods: PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched for articles reporting synaptic proteins as fluid biomarkers in AD and cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals. Pooled effect sizes were determined using the Hedge G method with random effects. Questions adapted from the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies were applied for quality assessment. A protocol for this study has been previously registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42021277487).
Results: The search strategy identified 204 articles that were assessed for eligibility. A total of 23 studies were included in the systematic review and 15 were included in the meta-analysis. For Neurogranin, 827 AD and 1,237 CU subjects were included in the meta-analysis, showing a significant increase in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with AD compared to CU individuals, with an effect size of 1.01 (p < 0.001). A significant increase in SNAP-25 and GAP-43 levels in CSF of patients with AD was observed.
Conclusion: Neurogranin, SNAP-25, and GAP-43 are possible biomarkers of synaptic damage in AD, and other potential synaptic biomarkers are emerging. This meta-analysis also revealed that there are still relatively few studies investigating these biomarkers in patients with AD or other dementias and showed wide heterogeneity in literature.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-220515 | DOI Listing |
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