Background: Childhood adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is common and is often associated with allergic asthma, resulting in complications like obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Management of the disease and its complications is often challenging.
Case Presentation: We report here a case of a 10-year-old boy who suffered from severe allergic asthma and rhinitis and was treated with omalizumab. Before the treatment, the childhood asthma control test (C-ACT, 14), visal analog scale (VAS, 7) and lung function (mild obstructive ventilation dysfunction and moderate to severe dysfunction in ventilation in small airway) were seriously affected. Polysomnography showed OSAS (apnea hypopnea index, AHI, 6.4), low hypooxia saturation (lowest pulse oxygen saturation, LoSpO2, 70%), and adenoid hypertrophy (at grade III). After treating with omalizumab for 4 weeks (once treatment), the ventilation function, symptoms of asthma and allergic rhinitis (C-ACT, 24; VAS, 2), and OSAS (AHI: 1.8 and LoSpO2: 92.6%) were all improved, and the adenoids size was also significantly reduced to grade II. And during the following 3 times of treatment, the allergic symptoms continued improving, and the size of adenoid was reduced to grade I. Even 6.5 months after cessation of omalizumab, the size of adenoid remained at grade I.
Conclusion: This is the first documented case that childhood adenoid hypertrophy can be significantly improved by omalizumab.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13223-022-00732-9 | DOI Listing |
Front Public Health
December 2024
The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China.
Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is characterized by pathological hyperplasia of the nasopharyngeal tonsils, a component of Waldryer's ring, which represents the first immune defense of the upper respiratory tract. The pathogenic factors contributing to AH remain to be comprehensively investigated to date. Although some studies suggest that environmental exposure to smoke and allergens, respiratory tract infections, and hormonal influences likely contribute to the development of AH, further research is necessary for fully elucidating the effects of these factors on the onset and progression of AH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Otolaryngol
December 2024
Federal Hospital of Bonsucesso, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Introduction: Intranasal mometasone and oral montelukast have been found to be effective for adenoid hypertrophy in children. We aimed to compare the efficacy of combination therapy of mometasone and montelukast versus mometasone alone for adenoid hypertrophy in children.
Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol
December 2024
Autolab Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Lalitpur, Nepal.
Introduction: Intranasal steroids are effective in managing adenoid hypertrophy in children, but the evidence regarding technique of use for optimal results is lacking.
Methods: CFD analysis, with discrete phase modelling was done to simulate nasal spray in nasal cavity and drug delivery in the region of adenoids. The findings were validated using a 3D model designed from CT scan of the same region.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
December 2024
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, China.
Purpose: The objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between adenoid hypertrophy (AH) and glucocorticoid resistance, and to investigate the potential reasons for the suboptimal therapeutic response to intranasal glucocorticoids (INS) in pediatric patients with AH.
Methods: The present study enrolled a cohort of 110 patients diagnosed with AH, all of whom underwent adenoidectomy at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University between June 2023 and September 2023. Immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were employed to assess the levels of inflammatory cytokines, and glucocorticoid receptors (GR, including GRα and GRβ) in adenoidal tissues.
J Int Adv Otol
November 2024
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Background: Achondroplasia, the most prevalent form of skeletal dysplasia involving short stature, necessitates a multidisciplinary approach that includes otology and auditory rehabilitation. Despite this, the clinical characteristics of hearing loss and otologic manifestations in achondroplasia patients remain poorly defined. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and treatment outcomes of otologic disease in individuals with achondroplasia.
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