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Age-related reproductive effort in male chimpanzees: terminal investment or alternative tactics?
Anim Behav
July 2024
Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A.
Because senescence impairs the ability of older males to compete successfully for mates, male reproductive strategies are expected to change with age. The terminal investment hypothesis proposes that older males, who could die soon, should take greater risks to obtain mating opportunities. Another possibility is that older males avoid such risks, adopting alternative reproductive tactics, such as increased affiliation with females, increased reliance on coalitions or sexual coercion to continue to compete with younger animals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh prevalence and low intensity of Echinophthirius horridus infection in seals revealed by high effort sampling.
Sci Rep
June 2024
Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Büsum, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Seal lice (Echinophthirius horridus) are bloodsucking parasites found on phocid seals and can transmit pathogens like heartworm, which makes their study important for conservation efforts, especially as seal populations are recovering in Germany.
- A comprehensive sampling protocol was implemented to analyze the prevalence and distribution of seal lice on grey and harbour seals along the German North and Baltic Sea coast over a year, revealing significant infection rates of 58% in harbour seals and 70% in grey seals.
- The study found that seal lice predominantly infect the head region, and for the first time observed copulating lice on a harbour seal, indicating that these parasites reproduce year-round across all ages of seals in German waters.
Copulation Duration and Sperm Precedence with Reference to Larval Diapause Induction in Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae).
Insects
April 2024
Forestry Engineering Department, Yamaguchi Agriculture and Forestry General Technology Center, Yamaguchi 753-0001, Japan.
Adults of the pine sawyer are the primary vector of , the causative agent of pine wilt disease. A sawyer subspecies in Taiwan (abbreviated 'T') has two generations a year (bivoltinism) due to facultative diapause, whereas another subspecies in Japan (abbreviated 'J') has a one- or two-year life cycle due to obligate diapause. T, with two infection periods a year, will cause more severe disease epidemics than J if it is introduced into Japan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug resistance in animal trypanosomiases: Epidemiology, mechanisms and control strategies.
Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist
August 2024
School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Animal trypanosomiasis (AT) is a complex of veterinary diseases known under various names such as nagana, surra, dourine and mal de caderas, depending on the country, the infecting trypanosome species and the host. AT is caused by parasites of the genus Trypanosoma, and the main species infecting domesticated animals are T. brucei brucei, T.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCopulation of males and females on the host and its potential impact on pathogen transmission.
Ann Agric Environ Med
December 2023
Medical University, Lublin, Poland.
Introduction And Objective: The common tick is one of Europe's most important vectors of tick-borne diseases. The increased risk of attacks by this tick suggests the need for identification of factors contributing to the transmission of tick-borne pathogens, and the routes of pathogen circulation in nature.
Material And Methods: Polymerase chain reaction was used to investigate the prevalence of four pathogens, i.
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