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Friends to remember: innate immune memory regulation by the microbiota.
Trends Microbiol
January 2025
Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA, Derio, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain. Electronic address:
Innate immune memory (IIM) is the process by which, upon a primary challenge, innate immune cells alter their epigenetic, transcriptional, and immunometabolic profiles, resulting in modified secondary responses. Unlike infections or other immune-system-related diseases, the role of IIM in nonpathogenic contexts is less understood. An increasing body of research has shown that normal microbiota members or their metabolic byproducts induce alternative memory phenotypes, suggesting that memory cells contribute to homeostasis in mucosal areas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReduced circulating sphingolipids and activity are linked to T2D risk and impaired insulin secretion.
Sci Adv
January 2025
Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a transient form of diabetes that resolves postpartum, is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in women. While the progression from GDM to T2D is not fully understood, it involves both genetic and environmental components. By integrating clinical, metabolomic, and genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, we identified associations between decreased sphingolipid biosynthesis and future T2D, in part through the allele of the gene in Hispanic women shortly after a GDM pregnancy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFControl of T-cell immunity by fatty acid metabolism.
Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab
December 2024
Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Fatty acids play critical roles in maintaining the cellular functions of T cells and regulating T-cell immunity. This review synthesizes current research on the influence of fatty acids on T-cell subsets, including CD8+ T cells, TH1, TH17, Treg (regulatory T cells), and TFH (T follicular helper) cells. Fatty acids impact T cells by modulating signaling pathways, inducing metabolic changes, altering cellular structures, and regulating gene expression epigenetically.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetformin-based nanomedicines for reprogramming tumor immune microenvironment.
Theranostics
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Institution of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Breast Center, Institute of Breast Health Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Immunotherapy has transformed current cancer management, and it has achieved significant progress over last decades. However, an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) diminishes the effectiveness of immunotherapy by suppressing the activity of immune cells and facilitating tumor immune-evasion. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key modulator of cellular energy metabolism and homeostasis, has gained growing attention in anti-tumor immunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInflammation in health and disease: a balancing act (information about the 16th World Congress on Inflammation (WCI2024)).
Inflamm Res
January 2025
General and Clinical Pathophysiology Department, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russia.
The following provides a summary of the 16th World Congress on Inflammation (WCI 2024), which took place in Québec City (Canada) from July 21 to 24, 2024. At the meeting, researchers from around the world presented their latest findings which transcended fundamental and clinical science in the field of inflammation. Participants shared original work which covered a multitude of topics and discussed practical aspects of their research including the application of new diagnostic strategies and medical therapeutic technologies.
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