Alcohol use disorder is a major cause of morbidity, which requires newer treatment approaches. We previously showed in a randomized clinical trial that alcohol craving and consumption reduces after fecal transplantation. Here, to determine if this could be transmitted through microbial transfer, germ-free male C57BL/6 mice received stool or sterile supernatants collected from the trial participants pre-/post-fecal transplant. We found that mice colonized with post-fecal transplant stool but not supernatants reduced ethanol acceptance, intake and preference versus pre-fecal transplant colonized mice. Microbial taxa that were higher in post-fecal transplant humans were also associated with lower murine alcohol intake and preference. A majority of the differentially expressed genes (immune response, inflammation, oxidative stress response, and epithelial cell proliferation) occurred in the intestine rather than the liver and prefrontal cortex. These findings suggest a potential for therapeutically targeting gut microbiota and the microbial-intestinal interface to alter gut-liver-brain axis and reduce alcohol consumption in humans.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-34054-6 | DOI Listing |
JHEP Rep
January 2025
Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Background & Aims: Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) burden has been rising globally, fueled by increases in high-risk alcohol use following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We evaluated trends in annual incidence of alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) before and following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic across two geographically distinct populations in the USA and Hong Kong.
Methods: Using US national Veterans Affairs (VA) data and Hong Kong territory-wide data, trends in annual incidence of AH were evaluated from 2000 to 2023.
Front Psychiatry
December 2024
West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Background: Psychiatric illness is thought to be a brain somatic crosstalk disorder. However, the existing phenomenology-based Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) diagnostic framework overlooks various dimensions other than symptoms. In this study, we investigated the associations between peripheral blood test indexes with various symptom levels of major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia (SCZ) to explore the availability of peripheral blood test indexes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Psychotraumatol
December 2024
Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
A complex bidirectional relationship exists between sleep and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Previous research reporting a strong association between sleep and PTSD has largely examined older military veteran populations, with military-related confounders potentially magnifying this effect. Less is known whether this association remains strong in younger civilian adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Cancer
December 2024
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Turkey, with nearly one in six deaths attributed to the disease. In 2018, Turkey recorded 211,273 new cancer cases. Many cancers are linked to modifiable lifestyle risk factors, such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, obesity, and inadequate diet and physical activity.
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