Background: Leprosy is curable by multidrug therapy (MDT) treatment regimen ranging from six to 12 months. The variable levels of tolerance and adherence among patients can, however, result in treatment failure and the emergence of drug-resistant strains.
Objectives: Describe the impact of MDT over Mycobacterium leprae viability in patient's oral and nasal mucosa along treatment.
Methods: Mycobacterium leprae viability was monitored by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) quantification of 16S rRNA in lateral and contralateral scrapings of oral and nasal mucosa of 10 multibacillary patients along the initial five months of treatment.
Findings: The results demonstrated high heterogenicity of M. leprae viability among patients and between nasal and oral samples. Of six patients who presented good adherence and tolerance to the treatment, only four displayed absence of M. leprae viability in both samples three months after the first MDT dose, while for the other two, the absence of M. leprae viability in the oral and nasal cavities was only detected five months after the first dose.
Main Conclusions: We concluded that qPCR of 16S rRNA for the determination of M. leprae viability in nasal and oral scraping samples could represent an interesting approach to monitor treatment efficacy.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9575966 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760220058 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Bedaquiline Monotherapy for Multibacillary Leprosy.
N Engl J Med
December 2024
From the Research Division, Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, Bauru (J.B., P.S.R.), and Fundação de Dermatologia Tropical e Venereologia Alfredo da Matta, Manaus (P.F.B.R.) - both in Brazil; the Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Health Systems Bureau, National Hansen's Disease Program, Laboratory Research Branch, Baton Rouge, LA (L.A., R.T.); Translational Medicine and Early Development Statistics (S.Y.), WAVE Team (Z.A., S.R.C., S.K., D.M., J.A.P., M.W.), Janssen Research and Development, San Diego, CA; Janssen Global Public Health, Janssen Research and Development, Titusville, NJ (N.B., R.D.A.); and Janssen Global Public Health, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Beerse, Belgium (E.E., N.L., B.R.).
Background: Standard multidrug therapy for leprosy may be associated with severe side effects, which add to the stigma and discrimination that affect persons with the disease. In addition, the threat posed by drug-resistant leprosy shows the need for alternative drug combinations and shorter, safer regimens of multidrug therapy.
Methods: In this open-label, proof-of-concept study conducted in Brazil, we assigned patients with previously untreated multibacillary leprosy to receive bedaquiline monotherapy for 8 weeks.
Genomic and Phenotypic Variations Among Thai-53 and Clinical Isolates: Implications for Leprosy Pathogenesis and Research.
Pathogens
November 2024
Laboratório de Microbiologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- A significant portion of the genome of studied strains has become pseudogenes, but their genetic similarity remains high, with over 99% identity among isolates globally.
- The research focused on comparing three strains of a pathogen, including a reference strain and two from Brazilian leprosy relapse patients, highlighting differences in genotype and interaction with human cells.
- Despite minimal genetic differences, the strains displayed notable phenotypic changes, impacting their growth and interaction with host cells, which could enhance understanding of leprosy's varied clinical outcomes.
Comparative analysis of the leprosy detection rate regarding its clinical spectrum through PCR using the gene: a scientometrics and meta-analysis.
Front Microbiol
October 2024
Bacteriology and Mycology Section (SABMI), Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC), Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
Background: Leprosy is a chronic and disabling infectious disease caused by . It has a wide clinical spectrum and is operationally classified into paucibacillary (PB) and multibacillary (MB) cases. There is evidence that the gene can be used in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for complementary detection with high sensitivity and specificity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdenosine A receptor as a potential regulator of survival mechanisms: new insights into leprosy neural damage.
Front Pharmacol
June 2024
Laboratório de Microbiologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Background: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by , which can lead to a disabling neurodegenerative condition. preferentially infects skin macrophages and Schwann cells-glial cells of the peripheral nervous system. The infection modifies the host cell lipid metabolism, subverting it in favor of the formation of cholesterol-rich lipid droplets (LD) that are essential for bacterial survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman Skin as an Ex Vivo Model for Maintaining and Leprosy Studies.
Trop Med Infect Dis
June 2024
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto14049-900, Brazil.
The in vitro cultivation of has not been possible since it was described as causing leprosy, and the limitation of animal models for clinical aspects makes studies on leprosy and bacteria-human host interaction a challenge. Our aim was to standardize the ex vivo skin model (hOSEC) to maintenance and study of as an alternative animal model. Bacillary suspensions were inoculated into human skin explants and sustained in DMEM medium for 60 days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!