Priming of T cells by antigen presenting cells (APCs) is essential for T cell fate decisions, enabling T cells to migrate to specific tissues to exert their effector functions. Previously, these interactions were mainly explored using blood-derived cells or animal models. With great advances in single cell RNA-sequencing techniques enabling analysis of tissue-derived cells, it has become clear that subsets of APCs are responsible for priming and modulating heterogeneous T cell effector responses in different tissues. This composition of APCs and T cells in tissues is essential for maintaining homeostasis and is known to be skewed in infection and inflammation, leading to pathological T cell responses. This review highlights the commonalities and differences of T cell priming and subsequent effector function in multiple barrier tissues such as the skin, intestine and female reproductive tract. Further, we provide an overview of how this process is altered during tissue-specific infections which are known to cause chronic inflammation and how this knowledge could be harnessed to modify T cell responses in barrier tissue.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9556809PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.984356DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

antigen presenting
8
cell
8
barrier tissues
8
cell responses
8
cells
6
tissues
5
presenting cell
4
cell cell
4
cell communication
4
communication barrier
4

Similar Publications

Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors that has previously been linked to resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and more recently to immunotherapy. In particular, hypoxic tumors exclude T cells and inhibit their activity, suggesting that tumor cells acquire a mechanism to evade T-cell recognition and killing. Our analysis of hypoxic tumors indicates that hypoxia downregulates the expression of MHC class I and its bound peptides (i.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: The identification of type 1 diabetes at an early presymptomatic stage has clinical benefits. These include a reduced risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at the clinical manifestation of the disease and a significant reduction in clinical symptoms. The European action for the Diagnosis of Early Non-clinical Type 1 diabetes For disease Interception (EDENT1FI) represents a pioneering effort to advance early detection of type 1 diabetes through public health screening.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

PET has become an important clinical modality but is limited to imaging positron emitters. Recently, PET imaging withZr, which has a half-life of 3 days, has attracted much attention in immuno-PET to visualize immune cells and cancer cells by targeting specific antibodies on the cell surface. However,Zr emits a single gamma ray at 909 keV four times more frequently than positrons, causing image quality degradation in conventional PET.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Autophagosomes coated in situ with nanodots act as personalized cancer vaccines.

Nat Nanotechnol

January 2025

Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

Autophagosome cancer vaccines can promote cross-presentation of multiple tumour antigens and induce cross-reactive T cell responses. However, so far, there is no effective method for obtaining a highly immunogenic autophagosomal cancer vaccine because autophagosomes, once formed, quickly fuse with lysosomes and cannot easily escape from cells. Here we report a functional TiNX nanodot that caps the autophagosome membrane lipid phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate, blocking the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes and producing stable nanodot-coated autophagosomes in tumours.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

HLA-E: Immune Receptor Functional Mechanisms Revealed by Structural Studies.

Immunol Rev

January 2025

Nuffield Department of Medicine, Center for Immuno-Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

HLA-E is a nonclassical, nonpolymorphic, class Ib HLA molecule. Its primary function is to present a conserved nonamer peptide, termed VL9, derived from the signal sequence of classical MHC molecules to the NKG2x-CD94 receptors on NK cells and a subset of T lymphocytes. These receptors regulate the function of NK cells, and the importance of this role, which is conserved across mammalian species, probably accounts for the lack of genetic polymorphism.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!