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Reducing circuit complexity in optical quantum computation using 3D architectures. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Integrated photonic architectures using optical waveguides are key for advancing large-scale quantum computing, but face challenges in reducing loss and improving interferometric visibility.
  • A major issue in planar waveguide systems is that connecting distant optical modes requires several intermediate operations that increase loss and scattering.
  • The proposed 3D architecture reduces the need for these intermediate steps, and experimental results show it significantly enhances fidelity and efficiency during interference operations compared to a traditional 2D setup.

Article Abstract

Integrated photonic architectures based on optical waveguides are one of the leading candidates for the future realisation of large-scale quantum computation. One of the central challenges in realising this goal is simultaneously minimising loss whilst maximising interferometric visibility within waveguide circuits. One approach is to reduce circuit complexity and depth. A major constraint in most planar waveguide systems is that beamsplitter transformations between distant optical modes require numerous intermediate SWAP operations to couple them into nearest neighbour proximity, each of which introduces loss and scattering. Here, we propose a 3D architecture which can significantly mitigate this problem by geometrically bypassing trivial intermediate operations. We demonstrate the viability of this concept by considering a worst-case 2D scenario, where we interfere the two most distant optical modes in a planar structure. Using femtosecond laser direct-writing technology we experimentally construct a 2D architecture to implement Hong-Ou-Mandel interference between its most distant modes, and a 3D one with corresponding physical dimensions, demonstrating significant improvement in both fidelity and efficiency in the latter case. In addition to improving fidelity and efficiency of individual non-adjacent beamsplitter operations, this approach provides an avenue for reducing the optical depth of circuits comprising complex arrays of beamsplitter operations.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.464108DOI Listing

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