Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) present one of the most interesting collections of properties among nanomaterials. Some sort of chemical modification of SWNTs is often used as a strategy to make the most of their intrinsic properties. In the last few years, the mechanical bond has been added to the chemistry toolbox for SWNT modification. In this Tutorial Review, we first discuss the characteristics of the mechanical bond that make it appealing for materials science in general and SWNTs in particular. We then describe the potential advantages of making mechanically-interlocked derivatives of SWNTs (MINTs), as compared to covalent or classic supramolecular derivatives of SWNTs. We go on to explain the different methods of synthesis of MINTs, highlighting their common features as an indication towards possible future synthetic strategies. Finally, we illustrate with examples how the making of MINTs can contribute to modifying the surface properties of SWNTs, modulating their electronic properties, and linking them to functional molecular fragments. The overall objective of this Review is to introduce the reader to the application of the chemistry of the mechanical bond to SWNTs: why it is relevant, how it is done in practice, what it has shown already as potential contributions towards applications, and what could be done in the future.
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Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
BM Research Europe, Hartree Centre, Daresbury WA4 4AD, United Kingdom.
In this Letter, we study the phase transition between amorphous ices and the nature of the hysteresis cycle separating them. We discover that a topological transition takes place as the system transforms from low-density amorphous ice (LDA) at low pressures to high-density amorphous ice (HDA) at high pressures. Specifically, we uncover that the hydrogen bond network (HBN) displays qualitatively different topologies in the LDA and HDA phases: the former characterized by disentangled loop motifs, with the latter displaying topologically complex long-lived Hopf-linked and knotted configurations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMater Horiz
January 2025
School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Patterning soft materials with cell adhesion motifs can be used to emulate the structures found in natural tissues. While patterning in tissue is driven by cellular assembly, patterning soft materials in the laboratory most often involves light-mediated chemical reactions to spatially control the presentation of cell binding sites. Here we present hydrogels that are formed with two responsive crosslinkers-an anthracene-maleimide adduct and a disulfide linkage-thereby allowing simultaneous or sequential patterning using force and UV light.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrosc Res Tech
January 2025
Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Effect of different root canal irrigation regimes microbubble emulsion (MBE) via riboflavin photosensitizer (RFP), cerium oxide (CeO) nanoparticles (NPs), and Nd: YAP laser on antibacterial efficiency, microhardness (MH), smear layer (SL) removal efficacy, and push-out bond strength (PBS) of AH plus sealer to canal dentin. Sixty single-rooted teeth were selected, disinfected, and categorized into four groups based on the type of disinfection. Following disinfection, a pair of samples were randomly selected and visualized under scanning electron microscope (SEM) for SL evaluation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Inf Model
January 2025
Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States.
In the field of computational chemistry, predicting bond dissociation energies (BDEs) presents well-known challenges, particularly due to the multireference character of reactive systems. Many chemical reactions involve configurations where single-reference methods fall short, as the electronic structure can significantly change during bond breaking. As generating training data for partially broken bonds is a challenging task, even state-of-the-art reactive machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) often fail to predict reliable BDEs and smooth dissociation curves.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
College of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, P.R. China.
Hispidin (1) is a polyphenolic compound with a wide range of pharmacological activities that is distributed in both plants and fungi. In addition to natural extraction, hispidin can be obtained by chemical or enzymatic synthesis. In this study, the identification and characterization of an undescribed enzyme, PheG, from Phellinus igniarius (P.
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