Effect of MgO and FeO dual sintering aids on the microstructure and electrochemical performance of the solid state GdCeO electrolyte in intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells.

Solid state electrolytes have been intensively studied in the solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The aim of this work is to investigate the effects of MgO and FeO dual sintering aids on the microstructure and electrochemical properties of solid state GdCeO (GDC) electrolytes, which are prepared by a sol-gel method with MgO and FeO addition to the GDC system. It is found that the addition of MgO and FeO can reduce the sintering temperature, increase densification and decrease the grain boundary resistance of the electrolyte. The 2 mol% MgO and 2 mol% FeO co-doped GDC (GDC-MF) exhibits the highest grain boundary conductivity. At 400°C, the grain boundary conductivity and total conductivity of GDC-MF are 15.89 times and 5.56 times higher than those of GDC. The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) rate at the electrolyte/cathode interface of GDC-MF is 47 % higher than that of GDC. Furthermore, the peak power density of a single cell supported by GDC-MF is 0.45 W cm at 700°C, 36.7% higher than that of GDC. Therefore, the GDC-MF should be a promising electrolyte material for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs).