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The biology of water homeostasis.
Nephrol Dial Transplant
October 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- Water homeostasis is regulated by a brain-kidney axis involving osmoreceptors and hormones like arginine vasopressin (AVP), which aids in water reabsorption through specific channels in the kidneys.
- Water balance disorders, caused by issues with AVP or thirst sensation, can lead to conditions like hyponatremia or hypernatremia, which stress cells and trigger adaptive responses.
- Recent research has identified new regulators of AQP2 water channels and highlighted the negative effects of chronic low water levels on organ function, underscoring the importance of these findings for developing treatment options for water balance disorders.
Potential indication of chemotherapy for hypodipsia and arginine vasopressin deficiency secondary to hypothalamic-pituitary Langerhans cell histiocytosis: a case report and literature review.
Clin Pediatr Endocrinol
April 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- HP-LCH is linked to arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVD), but patients typically don’t show changes in their osmotic threshold for thirst (OTT).
- This case study presents a nine-year-old girl whose hypodipsia (reduced thirst) improved during chemotherapy for HP-LCH, allowing her to feel thirst at previously high serum sodium levels.
- The findings suggest that chemotherapy may help restore the body's thirst mechanisms in patients with AVD linked to HP-LCH, possibly by alleviating pressure on the hypothalamus.
Hypodipsic hypernatremia after long-standing polydipsia in a cat with suspect neonatal head trauma.
Can Vet J
November 2023
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B2 (Paulin, Gu, Perkel, Snead); VCA Canada Calgary, Animal Referral & Emergency Centre (CARE), 7140 12th Street SE, Calgary, Alberta T2H 2Y4 (Cross).
A 16-month-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat weighing 2.7 kg was referred for further evaluation of acute generalized muscle weakness and paraparesis after a long-standing history of polyuria-polydipsia. The diagnosis of hypodipsic/adipsic hypernatremia relied on the key findings of absent spontaneous drinking despite hypernatremia and a hyperosmolar state (444.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSuccessful treatment of hypodipsic/adipsic hypernatremia in a cat with lobar holoprosencephaly using oral desmopressin.
JFMS Open Rep
March 2022
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Case Summary: A 2-year-old female spayed domestic shorthair cat was presented with a history of collapse, possible hypodipsia/adipsia, severe dehydration and hypernatremia. MRI of the brain revealed a failure of separation of the cerebral hemispheres as characterized by an absence of the rostral part of the corpus callosum, fornix and septum pellucidum and the presence of a single fused lateral ventricle. A diagnosis of hypodipsic/adipsic hypernatremia with lobar holoprosencephaly was made.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeptopreoptic Holoprosencephaly in an Adolescent Presenting with Hypodipsia and Hypernatremia.
J Pediatr
January 2022
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hasbro Children's Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island; Department of Pediatrics, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
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