In this study, chondrogenic potentials of 3D high-density cultures of Bone Marrow (BM) and Wharton's Jelly (WJ)-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) was investigated by chondrogenesis- and cytokine-related gene expression over a 16-day culture period supplemented with human transforming growth factor (hTGF)-β1 at 10 ng/ml. In BM-MSC 3D models, a marked upregulation of chondrogenesis-related genes, such as , , and (all < 0.05) and formation of spherical pellets with structured type II collagen fibers were observed. Similarly, WJ-based high-density culture appeared higher in size and more regular in shape, with a significant overexpression of and (all < 0.05) at day 16. Moreover, a similar upregulation trend was documented for and expression in both BM and WJ 3D systems. In conclusion, MSC-based high-density cultures can be considered a promising model of cartilage regeneration and tissue engineering. Moreover, our data support the use of WJ-MSCs as a valid alternative for chondrogenic commitment of stem cells in regenerative medicine.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.986310 | DOI Listing |
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