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4D Flow MRI quantification of blood flow patterns, turbulence and pressure drop in normal and stenotic prosthetic heart valves.

Magn Reson Imaging

January 2019

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.

Purpose: To assess valvular flow characteristics and pressure drop in a variety of normal and stenotic prosthetic heart valves (PHVs) using 4D Flow MRI.

Materials And Methods: In-vitro flow phantoms with four different PHVs were studied: Medtronic-Hall tilting disc, St. Jude Medical standard bileaflet (STJM), Medtronic CoreValve Evolut R and Edwards SAPIEN 3.

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Background: Reference values of hemodynamic parameters for the assessment of prosthetic heart valves are necessary, and ideally need to be provided by entities independent of the valve manufacturers. Thus, the study aim was to provide, in vitro, normal reference values of the effective orifice area (EOA) for different models and sizes of mitral prosthetic valve, and to assess the determinants of EOA and mean transvalvular pressure gradient (mTPG).

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