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http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.0207 | DOI Listing |
Matern Child Health J
January 2025
Tanzania Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Tanzania Ministry of Health, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Introduction: Population risk for neural tube defects (NTDs) can be determined using red blood cell (RBC) folate. However, a paucity of biomarker and surveillance data among non-lactating, non-pregnant women of reproductive age (NPWRA) from Africa limits accurate assessment. Our study assessed folate and vitamin B12 status among non-lactating NPWRA and predicted population risk of NTDs in Tanzania.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroSci
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by the degradation of dopaminergic pathways in the brain. As the population in the United States continues to age, it is essential to understand the trends in mortality related to PD. This analysis of PD's mortality characterizes temporal shifts, examines demographic and regional differences, and provides machine-learning predictions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroSci
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan.
Background: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare, immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), typically characterized by the acute onset of multifocal demyelination. The pathogenesis of ADEM remains unclear, but it is believed to be triggered by an autoimmune response, often following viral infections or vaccinations.
Case Report: This case report describes a 3-year-old child who developed ADEM after receiving two concurrent influenza vaccines: one for seasonal influenza and one for the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.
Front Microbiol
January 2025
National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India.
Pyrazinamide (PZA) is a key first-line antituberculosis drug that plays an important role in eradicating persister (TB) bacilli and shortening the duration of tuberculosis treatment. However, PZA-resistance is on the rise, particularly among persons with multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis. This nationwide study was conducted to explore the prevalence of mutations conferring PZA resistance, catalogue mutation diversity, investigate the associations of PZA resistance with specific lineages, examine co-resistance to 13 first- and second-line drugs, and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of sequencing A and D genes for predicting PZA resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJMIR Public Health Surveill
January 2025
Division of Global HIV and TB, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States, 1 8103383534.
Background: Population size estimation (PSE) for key populations is needed to inform HIV programming and policy.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the utility of applying a recently proposed method using Google Trend (GT) internet search data to generate PSE (Google Trends Population Size Estimate [GTPSE]) for men who have sex with men (MSM) in 54 countries in Africa, Asia, the Americas, and Europe.
Methods: We examined GT relative search volumes (representing the relative internet search frequency of specific search terms) for "porn" and, as a comparator term, "gay porn" for the year 2020.
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