AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 outcomes, focusing on hospitalization, medication usage, ICU admission, and in-hospital mortality among patients in New York City from February to August 2020.
- Non-White patients, particularly Hispanic/Latinx, Black, and Asian groups, experienced lower rates of hospital admission and ICU care compared to White patients, despite representing a larger portion of those seeking care.
- Results indicate that hospitals serving higher proportions of minority patients had worse health outcomes, highlighting systemic inequalities in healthcare access and treatment during the pandemic.
Article Abstract
Introduction: The recent spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has disproportionately impacted racial and ethnic minority groups; however, the impact of healthcare utilization on outcome disparities remains unexplored. Our study examines racial and ethnic disparities in hospitalization, medication usage, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and in-hospital mortality for COVID-19 patients.
Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed data for adult patients within an integrated healthcare system in New York City between February 28-August 28, 2020, who had a lab-confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis. Primary outcome was likelihood of inpatient admission. Secondary outcomes were differences in medication administration, ICU admission, and in-hospital mortality.
Results: Of 4717 adult patients evaluated in the emergency department (ED), 3219 (68.2%) were admitted to an inpatient setting. Black patients were the largest group (29.1%), followed by Hispanic/Latinx (29.0%), White (22.9%), Asian (3.86%), and patients who reported "other" race-ethnicity (19.0%). After adjusting for demographic, clinical factors, time, and hospital site, Hispanic/Latinx patients had a significantly lower adjusted rate of admission compared to White patients (odds ratio [OR] 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.34-0.76). Black (OR 0.60; 95% CI 0.43-0.84) and Asian patients (OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.25 - 0.89) were less likely to be admitted to the ICU. We observed higher rates of ICU admission (OR 2.96; 95% CI 1.43-6.15, and OR 1.83; 95% CI 1.26-2.65) and in-hospital mortality (OR 4.38; 95% CI 2.66-7.24; and OR 2.96; 95% CI 2.12-4.14) at two community-based academic affiliate sites relative to the primary academic site.
Conclusion: Non-White patients accounted for a disproportionate share of COVID-19 patients seeking care in the ED but were less likely to be admitted. Hospitals serving the highest proportion of minority patients experienced the worst outcomes, even within an integrated health system with shared resources. Limited capacity during the COVID-19 pandemic likely exacerbated pre-existing health disparities across racial and ethnic minority groups.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9541974 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2022.3.53065 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Designing the First Pregnancy Guaranteed Income Program in the United States: Qualitative Needs Assessment and Human-Centered Design to Develop the Abundant Birth Project.
JMIR Form Res
January 2025
Sexual Health and Reproductive Equity Program, School of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
Background: Racial inequities in pregnancy outcomes persist despite investments in clinical, educational, and behavioral interventions, indicating that a new approach is needed to address the root causes of health disparities. Guaranteed income during pregnancy has the potential to narrow racial health inequities for birthing people and infants by alleviating financial stress.
Objective: We describe community-driven formative research to design the first pregnancy-guaranteed income program in the United States-the Abundant Birth Project (ABP).
Establishing measurement equivalence of a youth-reported parental monitoring measure across sex, race/ethnicity, and intersectional identity.
J Fam Psychol
January 2025
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University.
Parental monitoring is a robust family-level predictor of youth well-being. Identification of variations by gender and/or race/ethnicity in parental monitoring has important implications for tailoring parenting practices. However, valid comparisons can only be conducted if cross-subpopulation measurement equivalence is established.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMenthol cigarette use in US pregnancies: Prevalence, racial/ethnic disparities, and associated characteristics from the 2010-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).
Nicotine Tob Res
January 2025
Behavioral Health and Health Policy, Westat, 1600 Research Blvd, Rockville, MD 20850, United States.
Introduction: Pregnant people who smoke constitute a uniquely vulnerable population likely to be impacted by a menthol cigarette (MC) ban. However, there are no published reports of prevalence of prenatal MC use in a nationally-representative US sample including racial-ethnic disparities and associated characteristics.
Methods: Participants were 1245 US pregnant people who smoked MC or non-MC (NMC) in the past 30-days from the 2010-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health.
Racial Disparities in End-of-Life Home Health Use in Medicare Advantage vs Traditional Medicare.
JAMA
January 2025
Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
Impact of Race/Ethnicity on Clinical and Genomic Characteristics, Trial Participation, and Genotype-Matched Therapy among Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer.
Clin Cancer Res
January 2025
Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, United States.
Background: Race/ethnicity may affect outcomes in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) due to biological and social determinants. We evaluated the impact of race/ethnicity on clinical, socioeconomic, and genomic characteristics, clinical trial participation, and receipt of genotype-matched therapy among patients with MBC.
Methods: A retrospective study of patients with MBC who underwent cell-free DNA testing (cfDNA, Guardant360â, 74 gene panel) between 11/2016 and 11/2020 was conducted.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!