AI Article Synopsis
- Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is a rare pediatric condition that causes hormonal deficiencies and has a variety of physical traits, with obesity often being overlooked in previous studies.
- The study examined 69 individuals with PSIS, identifying 25 who were obese or overweight, and compared their characteristics to 44 who were not.
- Results showed that obese/overweight patients had a higher history of neonatal hypoglycemia and extrapituitary malformations, suggesting potential underlying hypothalamic issues that need further research, especially regarding related hormones like oxytocin and ghrelin.
Article Abstract
Context: Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is rare in the pediatric population. It combines ectopic posterior pituitary stalk interruption and anterior pituitary hypoplasia with hormonal deficiencies. The phenotype is highly heterogeneous and obesity/overweight seems to be underreported in the literature.
Objective: To identify patients with PSIS and obesity or overweight, describe their phenotype, and compare them with patients with PSIS without overweight/obesity.
Methods: Sixty-nine children and young adults with PSIS in a Toulouse cohort from 1984 to 2019 were studied. We identified 25 obese or overweight patients (OB-OW group), and 44 were nonobese/overweight (NO group). Then the groups were compared.
Results: All cases were sporadic. The sex ratio was 1.6. The main reason for consultation in both groups was growth retardation (61% in OB-OW group, 77% in NO group). History of neonatal hypoglycemia was more common in the OB-OW than in the NO group (57% vs 14%, P = .0008), along with extrapituitary malformations (64% vs 20%, P < 0001). The incidence of caesarean section was higher in the OB-OW group (52%) than in the NO group (23%), although not significant (P = .07).
Conclusion: Patients with PSIS who are obese/overweight display interesting phenotypic differences that suggest hypothalamic defects. Studies are needed that include additional information on hormonal levels, particularly regarding oxytocin and ghrelin.
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Article Synopsis
- Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is a rare pediatric condition that causes hormonal deficiencies and has a variety of physical traits, with obesity often being overlooked in previous studies.
- The study examined 69 individuals with PSIS, identifying 25 who were obese or overweight, and compared their characteristics to 44 who were not.
- Results showed that obese/overweight patients had a higher history of neonatal hypoglycemia and extrapituitary malformations, suggesting potential underlying hypothalamic issues that need further research, especially regarding related hormones like oxytocin and ghrelin.
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