Objective: To analyze the temporal trend of mortality rate due to HIV/AIDS defining and non-HIV/AIDS defining illnesses in Brazil between 2000 and 2018.
Methods: This was an ecological time series study, using data from the Mortality Information System, in Brazil and the Federative Units. Trend analysis was performed by means of Prais-Winsten regression model, according to overall mortality rate, sex, age group, marital status and race/skin color.
Results: A total of 237,435 deaths were recorded in the period. In the country, defining illnesses showed higher rates (7.4 to 4.4 deaths/100,000 inhabitants in the period) than those observed among non-defining diseases (0.4 to 0.8 death/100,000 inhabitants in the period). It could be seen a decrease in overall mortality due to defining diseases (-6.3%; 95%CI -8.8;-3.8); while it increased due to non-defining diseases (11.0%; 95%CI 6.5;15.7).
Conclusion: There was a change in HIV/AIDS mortality profile over the years, with a decrease in deaths due to HIV/AIDS-defining diseases.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2237-96222022000200021 | DOI Listing |
J Viral Hepat
February 2025
Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Steatotic liver disease is prevalent among people with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The new definition of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) emphasises the metabolic drivers of steatosis and recognises its frequent coexistence with other chronic liver diseases, including HCV. We aimed to evaluate the association of coexisting MASLD and HCV with liver fibrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis
January 2025
Department of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Background: This study aims to investigate the association between vitamin D levels and the risk of severe acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).
Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study with 636 COPD patients admitted for exacerbations between January 2021 and December 2022. Patients were categorized based on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels: severe deficiency (<10 ng/mL), deficiency (10-20 ng/mL), insufficiency (20-30 ng/mL), or sufficiency (>30 ng/mL).
PeerJ
January 2025
Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Central Clinical Hospital, Baku, Azerbaijan.
Background: Patients who are informed about the causes, pathophysiology, treatment and prevention of a disease are better able to participate in treatment procedures in the event of illness. Artificial intelligence (AI), which has gained popularity in recent years, is defined as the study of algorithms that provide machines with the ability to reason and perform cognitive functions, including object and word recognition, problem solving and decision making. This study aimed to examine the readability, reliability and quality of responses to frequently asked keywords about low back pain (LBP) given by three different AI-based chatbots (ChatGPT, Perplexity and Gemini), which are popular applications in online information presentation today.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Oral Biol Craniofac Res
January 2025
Department of Public Health Dentistry, S.C.B Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, India.
Background: Illness behaviour refers to any actions or reactions of an individual who feels unwell for defining their state of health and obtaining physical or emotional relief from perceived or actual illness. The present study was conducted to assess illness perception of patients having dental caries using Illness Perceptions Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) in Odisha.
Materials And Methods: A descriptive co-relational study was conducted among 250 patients with self-reported dental caries in at least one tooth and more than 18 years of age.
J Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Acute Febrile Illnesses, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Objective: To investigate the effects of intrauterine and perinatal exposure to chikungunya virus (CHIKV) on neurodevelopment in infants and toddlers.
Study Design: We conducted a cohort study comparing children with intrauterine or perinatal exposure to maternal CHIKV infection with unexposed controls in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Neurodevelopment was assessed with General Movement Assessments (GMA) in the first six months of life, and the Bayley-III Scales of Infant and Toddler Development and Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) for older children.
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