Efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization using pirarubicin-loaded microspheres combined with lobaplatin for primary liver cancer.

Background: Drug-eluting beads show good safety and promising efficacy when used as part of a transarterial chemoembolization regimen for primary liver cancer. However, data on the clinical efficacy and safety of pirarubicin-loaded beads combined with lobaplatin are lacking in China.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization using pirarubicin-loaded beads combined with lobaplatin for primary liver cancer.

Methods: Between January 2019 and March 2020, 60 patients with primary liver cancer were selected at Hebei North University Affiliated First Hospital. According to different treatment methods, the participants were categorized into two groups with 30 patients treated with pirarubicin-loaded microspheres combined with lobaplatin included in an observation group and 30 patients treated with pirarubicin emulsion with lipiodol combined with lobaplatin were included in a control group. The progression-free survival, overall survival, clinical response rate, disease control rate, liver and kidney function and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.

Results: The progression-free survival was 14 mo in the observation group, which was significantly higher than 9 mo of the control group ( < 0.05). The 6-mo, 12-mo and 18-mo survival rates were 93.33% (28/30), 66.67% (20/30) and 23.33% (7/30), respectively in the observation group, which were significantly higher than 83.33% (25/30), 50.00% (15/30) and 13.33% (4/30), respectively, of the control group (all < 0.05). The clinical efficacy rate and disease control rate were 73.33% and 93.33%, respectively, in the observation group, which were significantly higher than those of the control group (53.55% and 80.00%, respectively, all < 0.05). There was no significant difference in alpha-fetoprotein between the two groups before the treatment ( > 0.05). After the treatment, alpha-fetoprotein was 289.06 ± 76.21 ng/mL in the observation group and 365.01 ± 73.11 ng/mL in the control group, which were low in both groups compared with those before the treatment (all < 0.05). The incidence of nausea and vomiting was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group ( < 0.05). There was no significant difference for the adverse reactions of pain and fever between the two groups ( < 0.05).

Conclusion: The combination of pirarubicin-loaded beads and lobaplatin can improve treatment efficacy resulting in mild liver function damage and postoperative complications in patients with primary liver cancer. It can be used in clinical practice.