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Savviness of prey to introduced predators. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The prey naivety hypothesis suggests that prey are at risk from introduced predators due to the lack of evolved avoidance behaviors, predicting that they will respond better to native predators than to introduced ones.
  • A global meta-analysis reviewed 26 studies on small mammals' reactions to both native and introduced mesopredator scents, totaling 134 experiments across 36 small mammal species.
  • Findings indicated that small mammals showed similar levels of wariness towards both native and introduced mesopredators, with their wariness being primarily influenced by the body mass ratio between predator and prey rather than the familiarity with the predators.

Article Abstract

The prey naivety hypothesis posits that prey are vulnerable to introduced predators because many generations in slow gradual coevolution are needed for appropriate avoidance responses to develop. It predicts that prey will be more responsive to native than introduced predators and less responsive to introduced predators that differ substantially from native predators and from those newly established. To test these predictions, we conducted a global meta-analysis of studies that measured the wariness responses of small mammals to the scent of sympatric mammalian mesopredators. We identified 26 studies that met our selection criteria. These studies comprised 134 experiments reporting on the responses of 36 small mammal species to the scent of six introduced mesopredators and 12 native mesopredators. For each introduced mesopredator, we measured their phylogenetic and functional distance to local native mesopredators and the number of years sympatric with their prey. We used predator and prey body mass as a measure of predation risk. Globally, small mammals were similarly wary of the scent of native and introduced mesopredators; phylogenetic and functional distance between introduced mesopredators and closest native mesopredators had no effect on wariness; and wariness was unrelated to the number of prey generations, or years, since first contact with introduced mesopredators. Small mammal wariness was associated with predator-prey body mass ratio, regardless of the nativity. The one thing animals do not seem to recognize is whether their predators are native.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14012DOI Listing

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