Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with dysregulation of inflammation and cortisol. The objectives of this study were to use principal component analysis to explore the inflammatory biomarker data to create inflammation composite variables; to examine the relationship between these composite measures of inflammation with ACEs and cortisol; and to assess whether these relationships were moderated by sex. The analysis included 232 young adults from the Niagara Longitudinal Heart Study (NLHS). After adjusting for covariates, higher exposure to ACEs significantly predicted higher low-grade inflammation. These results further support the use of multiple biomarkers to understand the complex relationships among ACEs, cortisol, and inflammation, which should be further examined in longitudinal studies to study biomarker trajectories.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100516 | DOI Listing |
Biol Psychiatry
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine Anschutz, Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado. Electronic address:
Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increase risk for mental illness in women and their children, and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis may play a role. The impact of ACEs on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis may be strongest when ACEs occur prepubertally and in people who are exposed to abuse ACEs.
Methods: To test this, we measured salivary cortisol in 96 mother-infant dyads while mothers were separated from their infants, who were experiencing a laboratory stressor.
Am J Hum Biol
September 2024
Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Objectives: Chronic stress induces preclinical changes in the metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune systems. This phenomenon, known as allostatic load (AL), can impair executive functions (EF), which may be even more affected in individuals with excess weight due to their characteristic inflammatory state and cardiometabolic changes. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) contribute to AL and may influence executive functioning presumably via alterations within the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, including epigenetic modifications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
March 2024
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Health Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 20742, USA.
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are extremely prevalent in the United States population. Although ACEs occurs in childhood, exposure to them has been associated with adverse future pregnancy outcomes and an increased risk of poorer social determinants of health, which further drive the risk of negative pregnancy outcomes. In addition, maternal ACE exposure has been linked to poor infant and child outcomes, highlighting the intergenerational transmission of risk from mother to child.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Neuropsychol
August 2024
Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
The purpose of this article is to provide a narrative review synthesizing the literature on differences between women and men in relationships among certain stressors associated with immune system activation and their relationship to cognitive dysfunction and dementia. We review the cycle of stress leading to neuroinflammation cortisol and neurochemical alterations, cell-mediated immune system activation, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and how this is implicated in the development of dementia. We follow this by discussing sex differences in stress physiology and immune function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Child Fam Stud
November 2023
Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, 66 Corry Blvd, Cincinnati, OH 45219 United States.
The biobehavioral correlates of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) among Latinx youth have been strikingly understudied. The purpose of this study was to 1) examine the effects of T-ACEs (e.g.
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