Comparative analysis of single cell lung atlas of bat, cat, tiger, and pangolin.

Horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus sinicus) might help maintain coronaviruses severely affecting human health, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Bats may be more tolerant of viral infection than other mammals due to their unique immune system, but the exact mechanism remains to be fully explored. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, multiple animal species were diseased by coronavirus infection, especially in the respiratory system. Herein, a comparative analysis with single nucleus transcriptomic data of the lungs across four species, including horseshoe bat, cat, tiger, and pangolin, were conducted. The distribution of entry factors for twenty-eight respiratory viruses was characterized for the four species. Our findings might increase our understanding of the immune background of horseshoe bats.