Cryo-EM structures of human mA writer complexes.

N-methyladenosine (mA) is the most abundant ribonucleotide modification among eukaryotic messenger RNAs. The mA "writer" consists of the catalytic subunit mA-METTL complex (MAC) and the regulatory subunit mA-METTL-associated complex (MACOM), the latter being essential for enzymatic activity. Here, we report the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of MACOM at a 3.0-Å resolution, uncovering that WTAP and VIRMA form the core structure of MACOM and that ZC3H13 stretches the conformation by binding VIRMA. Furthermore, the 4.4-Å resolution cryo-EM map of the MACOM-MAC complex, combined with crosslinking mass spectrometry and GST pull-down analysis, elucidates a plausible model of the mA writer complex, in which MACOM binds to MAC mainly through WTAP and METTL3 interactions. In combination with in vitro RNA substrate binding and mA methyltransferase activity assays, our results illustrate the molecular basis of how MACOM assembles and interacts with MAC to form an active mA writer complex.