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In this letter, we demonstrate 2D acidification of samples at environmental and physiological pH with an electrochemically activated polyaniline (PANI) mesh. A novel sensor-actuator concept is conceived for such a purpose. The sample is sandwiched between the PANI (actuator) and a planar pH optode (sensor) placed at a very close distance (∼0.50 mm). Upon application of a mild potential to the mesh, in contrast to previously reported acidification approaches, PANI releases a significant number of protons, causing an acid-base titration in the sample. This process is monitored in time and space by the pH optode, providing chemical imaging of the pH decrease along the dynamic titration via photographic acquisition. Acidification of samples at varying buffer capacity has been investigated: the higher the buffer capacity, the more time (and therefore proton charge) was needed to reach a pH of 4.5 or even lower. Also, the ability to map spatial differences in buffer capacity within a sample during the acid-base titration was unprecedentedly proven. The sensor-actuator concept could be used for monitoring certain analytes in samples that specifically require acidification pretreatment. Particularly, in combination with different optodes, dynamic mapping of concentration gradients will be accessible in complex environmental samples ranging from roots and sediments to bacterial aggregates.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03409 | DOI Listing |
Nanoscale
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion of Wenzhou, Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China.
Lead oxides (PbO, 1 ≤ ≤ 2) are promising high-capacity and low-cost anodes for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). However, the huge lithiation-induced volume expansion of conventional large-sized PbO particles leads to severe electrode pulverization with poor cycling stability. Herein, a rare mixed-valence PbO with a unique hierarchical architecture of nanoparticle-assembled interconnected hollow spheres (denoted PbO NAHSs) is crafted by introducing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) into the solution of generating β-PbO microspheres (MSs), which is exploited for the first time as a potential advanced anode material for LIBs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemosphere
December 2024
Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering, POSTECH, 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Korea; Division of Environmental Science & Engineering, POSTECH, 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Korea. Electronic address:
Bentonite is regarded as an adequate buffer material in deep geological repositories and its swelling properties serve to prevent the penetration of groundwater into the repository and to minimize the release of radionuclides. However, bentonite is rarely effective in removing anionic radionuclides due to its permanent negative surface charge. The aim of this study was to enhance the anion removal ability of bentonite by incorporating layered double hydroxides (LDH) with a high anion exchange capacity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
Ruhr University Bochum, Analytische Chemie, Universitätsstr 150, 44780, Bochum, GERMANY.
The direct CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) from simulated flue gas of various CO2 concentrations could minimize extra energy for pre-concentration processes to highly concentrated CO2 as a feed-stock. We investigate the challenges for CO2RR caused by low CO2 concentrations and provide strategies concerning the impact of the chosen electrocatalyst material and the selection of the electrolyte to attain high CO selectivity. We continuously feed CO2 mixed with N2 (the typical dilutant in flue gas) in various ratios to gas diffusion electrodes in a model flow-through electrolyzer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Colloid Interface Sci
December 2024
Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy. Electronic address:
The polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) polymer is here functionalized with branched and biocompatible polysaccharide dextran (DEX) molecules. Covalent conjugation of DEX to PAH has been achieved through a straightforward reductive amination approach, allowing for a controlled number of DEX chains per PAH polymer (PAH:DEX, n = 0.1, 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Res
December 2024
MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China. Electronic address:
This study evaluates the ability of Campylopus schmidii to inhibit the horizontal migration of copper and cadmium under simulated acid rain conditions. Experiments at varying pH levels (3.6, 4.
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