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Hybrid and vaccine-induced immunity against SAR-CoV-2 in MS patients on different disease-modifying therapies. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study aimed to compare "hybrid immunity" (having had COVID-19 and being vaccinated) with post-vaccination immunity in MS patients across various treatments, while also looking at the effects of vaccine type and race/ethnicity.
  • Researchers evaluated 370 MS patients for SARS CoV-2-specific immune responses, controlling for factors like age, sex, and treatment type.
  • Results showed that prior COVID-19 infection led to better immune responses after vaccination, independent of treatment or vaccine type, with no significant differences based on race/ethnicity.

Article Abstract

Objective: To compare "hybrid immunity" (prior COVID-19 infection plus vaccination) and post-vaccination immunity to SARS CoV-2 in MS patients on different disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) and to assess the impact of vaccine product and race/ethnicity on post-vaccination immune responses.

Methods: Consecutive MS patients from NYU MS Care Center (New York, NY), aged 18-60, who completed primary COVID-19 vaccination series ≥6 weeks previously were evaluated for SARS CoV-2-specific antibody responses with electro-chemiluminescence and multiepitope bead-based immunoassays and, in a subset, live virus immunofluorescence-based microneutralization assay. SARS CoV-2-specific cellular responses were assessed with cellular stimulation TruCulture IFNγ and IL-2 assay and, in a subset, with IFNγ and IL-2 ELISpot assays. Multivariate analyses examined associations between immunologic responses and prior COVID-19 infection while controlling for age, sex, DMT at vaccination, time-to-vaccine, and vaccine product.

Results: Between 6/01/2021 and 11/11/2021, 370 MS patients were recruited (mean age 40.6 years; 76% female; 53% non-White; 22% with prior infection; common DMT classes: ocrelizumab 40%; natalizumab 15%, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators 13%; and no DMT 8%). Vaccine-to-collection time was 18.7 (±7.7) weeks and 95% of patients received mRNA vaccines. In multivariate analyses, patients with laboratory-confirmed prior COVID-19 infection had significantly increased antibody and cellular post-vaccination responses compared to those without prior infection. Vaccine product and DMT class were independent predictors of antibody and cellular responses, while race/ethnicity was not.

Interpretation: Prior COVID-19 infection is associated with enhanced antibody and cellular post-vaccine responses independent of DMT class and vaccine type. There were no differences in immune responses across race/ethnic groups.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9538694PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acn3.51664DOI Listing

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