AI Article Synopsis
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a significant concern for children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), where antiviral therapy is commonly used for prevention.
- A study examined 49 "at risk" HSCT recipients, comparing those who received CMV-specific immunoglobulins (CMV-Ig) alongside standard antiviral treatment to those who did not.
- Results suggested a trend showing lower CMV reactivation rates, shorter recovery times, and lower peak titers in the CMV-Ig group, indicating that it could be a safe option to enhance prevention of CMV infection post-transplant, although further research is needed due to the small sample size.
Article Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a serious complication of pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). To date, antiviral therapy has been the mainstay of prophylaxis, with conflicting results regarding the benefits of CMV-specific immunoglobulins (CMV-Ig). After introducing prophylactic CMV-Ig to HSCT recipients at risk (seropositive recipient and/or donor), we conducted a single-center retrospective study comparing the incidence and severity of CMV infection with and without CMV-Ig. We identified 49 'at risk' recipients from 76 consecutive HSCTs over 3.5 years, in addition to standard antiviral prophylaxis, 10 patients received CMV-Ig and 39 did not. There was no significant difference in donor type, cell source, conditioning, or CMV status between the groups. We observed a potential trend toward reduction of incidence of CMV reactivation in patients exposed to CMV-Ig (30%) compared with those who weren't (38.4%). Besides, no symptomatic or lethal infection was observed in the CMV-Ig group, and time to recovery seemed shorter (21 [±7] vs 51.4 [±55] days) and peak titers lower (4578 [±4788] vs 24131 [±49257]) with CMV-Ig. No adverse events were noted. The statistical significance of the results was limited by the small sample size. These data raise interest in prophylactic CMV-Ig as a safe way of potentially reducing the severity and duration of CMV reactivation in HSCT.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MPH.0000000000002553 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Long-term efficacy of CMV/EBV bivirus-specific T cells for viral co-reactivation after stem cell transplantation.
Chin Med J (Engl)
January 2025
Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, China.
What intensivists need to know about cytomegalovirus infection in immunocompromised ICU patients.
Intensive Care Med
January 2025
Medical Intensive Care Unit, AP-HP, Saint-Louis University Hospital, Paris, France.
Purpose: Advances in therapeutic care are leading to an increase in the number of patients living with overt immunosuppression. These patients are at risk of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and disease that can lead to or develop during ICU admission. This manuscript aims to describe the clinical presentation, risk factors, and management of CMV infection and disease in this patient population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetformin in Antiviral Therapy: Evidence and Perspectives.
Viruses
December 2024
Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine.
Metformin, a widely used antidiabetic medication, has emerged as a promising broad-spectrum antiviral agent due to its ability to modulate cellular pathways essential for viral replication. By activating AMPK, metformin depletes cellular energy reserves that viruses rely on, effectively limiting the replication of pathogens such as influenza, HIV, SARS-CoV-2, HBV, and HCV. Its role in inhibiting the mTOR pathway, crucial for viral protein synthesis and reactivation, is particularly significant in managing infections caused by HIV, CMV, and EBV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViral Metagenomics in Patients Who Underwent Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT): A Brazilian Experience.
Microorganisms
December 2024
Center for Viral Surveillance and Serological Evaluation (CeVIVAs), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05585-000, SP, Brazil.
Viral infections are one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality among patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Immunosuppression may lead to the reactivation of latent viruses or the acquisition of new infections, resulting in severe clinical outcomes. The early detection of viral reactivations is crucial for effective patient management and post-transplant care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMixed T-Cell Chimerism Following Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Non-Malignant Disorders Is Common, Facilitates Anti-Viral Immunity, and Is Not Associated with Graft Failure in Pediatric Patients.
Cells
December 2024
Departments of Blood and Marrow Transplant, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.
Myeloid chimerism better reflects donor stem cell engraftment than whole-blood chimerism in assessing graft function following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT). We describe our experience with 130 patients aged younger than 18 years, treated with allogeneic HCT using bone marrow or PBSC from HLA-matched donors for non-malignant diseases, whose pre-transplant conditioning therapy included alemtuzumab and who were monitored with lineage-specific chimerism after transplant. At 6 years post-transplant, overall survival (OS) was 91.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!