Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides able to recognize a target with high affinity and specificity. Aptamers are used in different diagnostics applications, highlighting, among all, variations of the traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In this chapter, we show the procedures for the development of two types of indirect ELONA: a sandwich ELONA and a direct ELONA coupled to either real-time quantitative PCR as a direct and sensitive readout.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2695-5_18 | DOI Listing |
Biosens Bioelectron
December 2024
Laboratory of Analytical and Bio-Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan. Electronic address:
We developed a novel DNA aptamer, D8#24S1, which specifically recognizes mertansine (DM1), the cytotoxic payload of the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), and applied it for T-DM1 analysis. D8#24S1 was obtained through SELEX and was shown to specifically recognize DM1 with high affinity (dissociation constant, K = 84.2 nM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSens Actuators B Chem
January 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Sensitive detection of disease-specific biomarkers with high accuracy is crucial for early diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and understanding underlying pathological mechanisms. Traditional methods, such as immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), face limitations due to the complex and expensive production of antibodies. In this context, aptamers, short oligonucleotides with advantages like easy synthesis, low cost, high specificity, and stability, have emerged as promising alternatives for biomolecular sensing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStem Cell Res Ther
December 2024
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Introduction: Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is an effective and injection-free route for allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (Exo) has been identified as a novel delivery platform with immunomodulatory capacities. In addition, targeting agents such as aptamers (Apt) have been extensively used for specific delivery approaches such as direct delivery of allergen formulations to dendritic cells (DC) to improve the efficacy of specific immunotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
November 2024
HIV-1 Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, 28034, Spain.
Background: There are 39 million people infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 1.3 million new annually infections with more than 150 variants circulating. Early HIV detection is crucial for timely antiretroviral therapy and transmission prevention, but no technique can detect HIV before 10 days of infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
November 2024
Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev Ave. 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Chronic immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases, such as axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA), are accompanied by a dysregulation of bone remodeling. Among potential biomarkers of bone metabolism, the Wnt pathway antagonist, Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1), is of particular interest because of its potential to reflect a shift towards joint ossification or osteoporosis, but its diagnostic value needs validation. There is still a lack of stable and efficient methods of measuring serum DKK-1 levels suitable for longitude studies.
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