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Longitudinal changes in the dental arch width and symmetry in identical and fraternal twins. | LitMetric

Longitudinal changes in the dental arch width and symmetry in identical and fraternal twins.

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop

Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Mass. Electronic address:

Published: November 2022

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study examined dental growth and symmetry in the dental arches of identical and fraternal twins during mixed and permanent dentition stages, using 3D scanned dental models from a specific twin study.
  • It included analysis of 36 pairs of identical and 28 pairs of fraternal twins aged 8-16, utilizing linear measurements, statistical tests, and heritability assessments to explore dental patterns.
  • Findings indicated that while intercanine and intermolar widths increase significantly during mixed dentition, overall symmetry in dental arches does not differ significantly between identical and fraternal twins, suggesting that genetic factors may not heavily influence dental development.

Article Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to assess growth-related dental and symmetry changes in the dental arch within and between identical and fraternal twins in mixed and permanent dentition.

Methods: Three-dimensional scanned dental models of eligible subjects were selected from the Forsyth-Moorrees Twin Study sample. This retrospective cohort study was carried out on 36 identical (18 pairs) and 28 fraternal (14 pairs) twins in mixed dentition and 36 identical (18 pairs) and 38 fraternal (19 pairs) twins in permanent dentition stages on the basis of the availability of the dental casts scanned each year from each group (Table I). Linear measurements from dental casts were performed in patients aged 8-16 years. Student t test and Pearson's correlation were used to compare the symmetry between and within the identical and fraternal twins. The resemblance and heritability patterns were retrospectively obtained from the Pearson correlation coefficient and Falconer's heritability test (H = 2 × b). Adjusted mixed-effects estimates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to test the association between age and dental parameters for both mixed and permanent dentition groups.

Results: Intercanine and intermolar widths significantly increased (P <0.05) during the mixed dentition but became stable after 13 years old. No statistically significant differences were found in arch symmetry between the 2 groups (ie, identical and fraternal) in any of the included measurements. Evaluation of the resemblance and heritability pattern showed nonsignificant results for all variables measured (H range, -0.67 to 0.56).

Conclusions: The dental arch becomes wider at a higher rate in the canine region than the molar region in both the mixed and early permanent dentition. The dental arches of twins develop symmetrically, and their growth is not mainly affected by genetics. Asymmetrical teeth will maintain their relative position to reference planes throughout growth.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.06.026DOI Listing

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