Schistosomiasis remains a public health concern in Zambia. Urinary schistosomiasis caused by is the most widely distributed infection. The aim of the current study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of urinary schistosomiasis and identify the strain of among children in the Siavonga and Lusaka districts in Zambia. Urine samples were collected from 421 primary school children and eggs were examined under light microscopy. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on the socio-demographic characteristics and the potential risk factors for urinary schistosomiasis. DNA of the parasite eggs was extracted from urine samples and the internal transcribed spacer gene was amplified, sequenced and phylogenetically analysed. The overall prevalence of was 9.7% (41/421) (95% CI: 7.16-13.08), male participants made up 6.2% (26/232) (95% CI: 4.15-9.03), having a higher burden of disease than female participants who made up 3.5% (15/421) (95% CI: 2.01-5.94). The age group of 11-15 years had the highest overall prevalence of 8.3% (35/421) (5.94-11.48). Participants that did not go fishing were 0.008 times less likely to be positive for schistosomiasis while participants whose urine was blood-tinged or cloudy on physical examination and those that lived close to water bodies were 9.98 and 11.66 times more likely to test positive for schistosomiasis, respectively. A phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that isolates were closely related to pure from Zimbabwe and hybrids of × from Benin, Senegal and Malawi. The current study shows that urinary schistosomiasis is endemic in the study areas and is associated with water contact, and isolated is closely related to hybrids of × strain, indicating the zoonotic potential of this parasite.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7090239 | DOI Listing |
Global Health
January 2025
Research Group: Implementation Research, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
Background: Adequate knowledge and awareness regarding diseases are essential for appropriate, high-quality healthcare. Female Genital Schistosomiasis (FGS) is a non-sexually transmitted gynaecological disease that is caused by the presence of Schistosoma haematobium eggs in the female genital tract and the resulting immune response that causes tissue damage. It is estimated to affect 56 million women, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where healthcare workers (HCWs) have limited awareness and knowledge of FGS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomedicines
December 2024
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Group (e-INTRO), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca, Research Centre for Tropical Diseases at the University of Salamanca (IBSAL-CIETUS), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Background: Schistosomiasis impacts over 230 million people globally, with 251.4 million needing treatment. The disease causes intestinal and urinary symptoms, such as hepatic fibrosis, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and bladder calcifications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Womens Health
January 2025
Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Background: S. haematobium is a recognized carcinogen and is associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder. Its association with high-risk(HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) persistence, cervical pre-cancer and cervical cancer incidence has not been fully explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Med Chir
January 2025
Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Minimally Invasive Surgery and New Technologies, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza.
Schistosomiasis is a tropical infection endemic to developing nations that can result in chronic liver damage, renal failure, infertility, and bladder cancer. Genitourinary localization is marked by dysuria, visible hematuria, and urinary obstruction. We present the case of a 17-year-old male adolescent from a rural area of Central Africa, who arrived in Italy two years prior, exhibiting hematuria and urinary symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrop Med Infect Dis
November 2024
HERENDA Program, New Medical School, Walter Sisulu University, Nelson Mandela Drive, Mthatha 5100, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
Schistosomiasis is caused by infection with trematode flukes of the genus Schistosoma. More than 700 million people worldwide are estimated to be susceptible to infection. In sub-Saharan Africa, schistosomiasis is the second most widespread neglected tropical disease after malaria.
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