AI Article Synopsis

  • - Schistosomiasis, specifically urinary schistosomiasis, is a significant public health issue in Zambia, with a prevalence of 9.7% among 421 primary school children studied in the Siavonga and Lusaka districts.
  • - The study found that boys (6.2%) were more affected than girls (3.5%), and children aged 11-15 had the highest rates, while those who did not participate in fishing had a much lower likelihood of infection.
  • - Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the identified parasite strains closely resemble those from Zimbabwe and other African countries, suggesting a connection and highlighting the zoonotic risk of the disease.

Article Abstract

Schistosomiasis remains a public health concern in Zambia. Urinary schistosomiasis caused by is the most widely distributed infection. The aim of the current study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of urinary schistosomiasis and identify the strain of among children in the Siavonga and Lusaka districts in Zambia. Urine samples were collected from 421 primary school children and eggs were examined under light microscopy. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on the socio-demographic characteristics and the potential risk factors for urinary schistosomiasis. DNA of the parasite eggs was extracted from urine samples and the internal transcribed spacer gene was amplified, sequenced and phylogenetically analysed. The overall prevalence of was 9.7% (41/421) (95% CI: 7.16-13.08), male participants made up 6.2% (26/232) (95% CI: 4.15-9.03), having a higher burden of disease than female participants who made up 3.5% (15/421) (95% CI: 2.01-5.94). The age group of 11-15 years had the highest overall prevalence of 8.3% (35/421) (5.94-11.48). Participants that did not go fishing were 0.008 times less likely to be positive for schistosomiasis while participants whose urine was blood-tinged or cloudy on physical examination and those that lived close to water bodies were 9.98 and 11.66 times more likely to test positive for schistosomiasis, respectively. A phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that isolates were closely related to pure from Zimbabwe and hybrids of × from Benin, Senegal and Malawi. The current study shows that urinary schistosomiasis is endemic in the study areas and is associated with water contact, and isolated is closely related to hybrids of × strain, indicating the zoonotic potential of this parasite.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9505432PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7090239DOI Listing

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