Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common chronic, autoimmune-mediated inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. The treatment of MS has enormous progress with disease-modifying drugs, but the complexity of the disease course and the clinical symptoms of MS requires personalized treatment and disease management, including non-pharmacological treatment. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a painless and non-invasive brain stimulation technique, which has been widely used in neurological diseases. In this review, we mainly focus on the progress of physiological assessment and treatment of TMS in MS.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.902658 | DOI Listing |
Background And Aims: The lack of therapeutic response characterizes treatment-resistant depression despite undergoing at least two adequate monotherapy trials with medications from distinct pharmacologic classes. The inability to attain remission in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) is a significant issue of concern within public health. Therefore, the management of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) poses significant obstacles for both patients and healthcare professionals.
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January 2025
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Background: Essential tremor (ET) is the most common neurological movement disorder with few treatments and limited therapeutic efficacy, research into noninvasive and effective treatments is critical. Abnormal cerebello-thalamo-cortical (CTC) loop function are thought to be significant pathogenic causes of ET, with the cerebellum and cortex are common targets for ET treatment. In recent years, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been recognized as a promising brain research technique owing to its noninvasive nature and safety.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Aging Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Background: Studies have shown the clinical effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on depression in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. The measurement of brain activation links neurobiological and functional aspects but is challenging in patients with dementia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Hum Neurosci
January 2025
The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, China.
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by chronic motor and phonic tics, with a higher prevalence among boys. This condition can significantly impact patients' learning and daily life. Due to the limited efficacy and potential side effects of pharmacological treatments for TS, there is a critical need to develop novel, tailored therapeutic strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Brain Res
January 2025
Dept. of Neurosurgery, Upstate Medical University, 750 E. Adams St, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been used for many years to study the pathophysiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Based on single- or dual-pulse TMS and EMG and/or single motor unit (MU) recordings, many groups have described a loss of central inhibition as an early marker of ALS dysfunction, reflecting a state of cortical 'hyperexcitability'. This conclusion is not without its detractors, however, leading us to reexamine this issue using 4-pulse TMS, shown previously to be more effective for testing central motor pathway functional integrity.
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